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Association between maternal education and breast feeding practices in China: a population-based cross-sectional study
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between maternal education and breast feeding in the Chinese population, with a consideration of household income and health-seeking behaviours. DESIGN: A nationally representative population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING: 77 counties from 12 geograph...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6720234/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31467048 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028485 |
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author | Tang, Kun Wang, Hanyu Tan, Shi Hui Xin, Tong Qu, Xueqi Tang, Tianyu Wang, Yuqi Liu, Yuning Gaoshan, Junjian |
author_facet | Tang, Kun Wang, Hanyu Tan, Shi Hui Xin, Tong Qu, Xueqi Tang, Tianyu Wang, Yuqi Liu, Yuning Gaoshan, Junjian |
author_sort | Tang, Kun |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between maternal education and breast feeding in the Chinese population, with a consideration of household income and health-seeking behaviours. DESIGN: A nationally representative population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING: 77 counties from 12 geographically distinct regions in China. PARTICIPANTS: 10 408 mothers with children from 0 to 12 months of age, aged 15–53 years old (mean: 29.15, SD: 5.11) were classified into primary school or below group (n=781), middle school group (n=3842), high school/vocational school group (n=1990), college or above group (n=3795), according to their highest completed education. OUTCOMES: Five breastfeeding outcomes, including early initiation of breast feeding (EIB), exclusive breast feeding (EBF) under 6 months, predominant breast feeding under 6 months, current breast feeding and children ever breast fed, were calculated based on the standardised questionnaire from the WHO and Wellstart International’s toolkit for monitoring and evaluating breastfeeding activities. RESULTS: The absolute risk of EIB and EBF in the lowest maternal education level was 64.85% and 26.53%, respectively, whereas the absolute risk of EIB and EBF in the highest maternal education level was 77.21% and 14.06%, respectively. A higher level of maternal education was positively associated with EIB (risk ratio (RR): 1.22; 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.30) and was inversely associated with EBF (RR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.88). Stratified by household income, a positive association with EIB was observed only in the group with the highest household income and an inverse association with EBF was found in both low household and high household income groups. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers with a higher education were more likely to initiate early breast feeding when they were also from a high-income household while also being less likely to exclusively breast feed their babies. Routine and successful nursing is crucial for the health of infants and is influenced by maternal education. Future public health interventions to promote breast feeding should consider the issues related to the educational level of mothers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6720234 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67202342019-09-17 Association between maternal education and breast feeding practices in China: a population-based cross-sectional study Tang, Kun Wang, Hanyu Tan, Shi Hui Xin, Tong Qu, Xueqi Tang, Tianyu Wang, Yuqi Liu, Yuning Gaoshan, Junjian BMJ Open Public Health OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between maternal education and breast feeding in the Chinese population, with a consideration of household income and health-seeking behaviours. DESIGN: A nationally representative population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING: 77 counties from 12 geographically distinct regions in China. PARTICIPANTS: 10 408 mothers with children from 0 to 12 months of age, aged 15–53 years old (mean: 29.15, SD: 5.11) were classified into primary school or below group (n=781), middle school group (n=3842), high school/vocational school group (n=1990), college or above group (n=3795), according to their highest completed education. OUTCOMES: Five breastfeeding outcomes, including early initiation of breast feeding (EIB), exclusive breast feeding (EBF) under 6 months, predominant breast feeding under 6 months, current breast feeding and children ever breast fed, were calculated based on the standardised questionnaire from the WHO and Wellstart International’s toolkit for monitoring and evaluating breastfeeding activities. RESULTS: The absolute risk of EIB and EBF in the lowest maternal education level was 64.85% and 26.53%, respectively, whereas the absolute risk of EIB and EBF in the highest maternal education level was 77.21% and 14.06%, respectively. A higher level of maternal education was positively associated with EIB (risk ratio (RR): 1.22; 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.30) and was inversely associated with EBF (RR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.88). Stratified by household income, a positive association with EIB was observed only in the group with the highest household income and an inverse association with EBF was found in both low household and high household income groups. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers with a higher education were more likely to initiate early breast feeding when they were also from a high-income household while also being less likely to exclusively breast feed their babies. Routine and successful nursing is crucial for the health of infants and is influenced by maternal education. Future public health interventions to promote breast feeding should consider the issues related to the educational level of mothers. BMJ Publishing Group 2019-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6720234/ /pubmed/31467048 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028485 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Public Health Tang, Kun Wang, Hanyu Tan, Shi Hui Xin, Tong Qu, Xueqi Tang, Tianyu Wang, Yuqi Liu, Yuning Gaoshan, Junjian Association between maternal education and breast feeding practices in China: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title | Association between maternal education and breast feeding practices in China: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title_full | Association between maternal education and breast feeding practices in China: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title_fullStr | Association between maternal education and breast feeding practices in China: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title_full_unstemmed | Association between maternal education and breast feeding practices in China: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title_short | Association between maternal education and breast feeding practices in China: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title_sort | association between maternal education and breast feeding practices in china: a population-based cross-sectional study |
topic | Public Health |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6720234/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31467048 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028485 |
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