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Cross-resistance of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata to fungicides with different modes of action
BACKGROUND: Cross-resistance, a phenomenon that a pathogen resists to one antimicrobial compound also resists to one or several other compounds, is one of major threats to human health and sustainable food production. It usually occurs among antimicrobial compounds sharing the mode of action. In thi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6720428/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31477005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1574-8 |
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author | Yang, Li-Na He, Meng-Han Ouyang, Hai-Bing Zhu, Wen Pan, Zhe-Chao Sui, Qi-Jun Shang, Li-Ping Zhan, Jiasui |
author_facet | Yang, Li-Na He, Meng-Han Ouyang, Hai-Bing Zhu, Wen Pan, Zhe-Chao Sui, Qi-Jun Shang, Li-Ping Zhan, Jiasui |
author_sort | Yang, Li-Na |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Cross-resistance, a phenomenon that a pathogen resists to one antimicrobial compound also resists to one or several other compounds, is one of major threats to human health and sustainable food production. It usually occurs among antimicrobial compounds sharing the mode of action. In this study, we determined the sensitivity profiles of Alternaria alternata, a fungal pathogen which can cause diseases in many crops to two fungicides (mancozeb and difenoconazole) with different mode of action using a large number of isolates (234) collected from seven potato fields across China. RESULTS: We found that pathogens could also develop cross resistance to fungicides with different modes of action as indicated by a strong positive correlation between mancozeb and difenoconazole tolerances to A. alternata. We also found a positive association between mancozeb tolerance and aggressiveness of A. alternata, suggesting no fitness penalty of developing mancozeb resistance in the pathogen and hypothesize that mechanisms such as antimicrobial compound efflux and detoxification that limit intercellular accumulation of natural/synthetic chemicals in pathogens might account for the cross-resistance and the positive association between pathogen aggressiveness and mancozeb tolerance. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of cross-resistance among different classes of fungicides suggests that the mode of action alone may not be an adequate sole criterion to determine what components to use in the mixture and/or rotation of fungicides in agricultural and medical sects. Similarly, the observation of a positive association between the pathogen’s aggressiveness and tolerance to mancozeb suggests that intensive application of site non-specific fungicides might simultaneously lead to reduced fungicide resistance and enhanced ability to cause diseases in pathogen populations, thereby posing a greater threat to agricultural production and human health. In this case, the use of evolutionary principles in closely monitoring populations and the use of appropriate fungicide applications are important for effective use of the fungicides and durable infectious disease management. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-019-1574-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6720428 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67204282019-09-06 Cross-resistance of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata to fungicides with different modes of action Yang, Li-Na He, Meng-Han Ouyang, Hai-Bing Zhu, Wen Pan, Zhe-Chao Sui, Qi-Jun Shang, Li-Ping Zhan, Jiasui BMC Microbiol Research Article BACKGROUND: Cross-resistance, a phenomenon that a pathogen resists to one antimicrobial compound also resists to one or several other compounds, is one of major threats to human health and sustainable food production. It usually occurs among antimicrobial compounds sharing the mode of action. In this study, we determined the sensitivity profiles of Alternaria alternata, a fungal pathogen which can cause diseases in many crops to two fungicides (mancozeb and difenoconazole) with different mode of action using a large number of isolates (234) collected from seven potato fields across China. RESULTS: We found that pathogens could also develop cross resistance to fungicides with different modes of action as indicated by a strong positive correlation between mancozeb and difenoconazole tolerances to A. alternata. We also found a positive association between mancozeb tolerance and aggressiveness of A. alternata, suggesting no fitness penalty of developing mancozeb resistance in the pathogen and hypothesize that mechanisms such as antimicrobial compound efflux and detoxification that limit intercellular accumulation of natural/synthetic chemicals in pathogens might account for the cross-resistance and the positive association between pathogen aggressiveness and mancozeb tolerance. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of cross-resistance among different classes of fungicides suggests that the mode of action alone may not be an adequate sole criterion to determine what components to use in the mixture and/or rotation of fungicides in agricultural and medical sects. Similarly, the observation of a positive association between the pathogen’s aggressiveness and tolerance to mancozeb suggests that intensive application of site non-specific fungicides might simultaneously lead to reduced fungicide resistance and enhanced ability to cause diseases in pathogen populations, thereby posing a greater threat to agricultural production and human health. In this case, the use of evolutionary principles in closely monitoring populations and the use of appropriate fungicide applications are important for effective use of the fungicides and durable infectious disease management. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-019-1574-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2019-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6720428/ /pubmed/31477005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1574-8 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Yang, Li-Na He, Meng-Han Ouyang, Hai-Bing Zhu, Wen Pan, Zhe-Chao Sui, Qi-Jun Shang, Li-Ping Zhan, Jiasui Cross-resistance of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata to fungicides with different modes of action |
title | Cross-resistance of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata to fungicides with different modes of action |
title_full | Cross-resistance of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata to fungicides with different modes of action |
title_fullStr | Cross-resistance of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata to fungicides with different modes of action |
title_full_unstemmed | Cross-resistance of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata to fungicides with different modes of action |
title_short | Cross-resistance of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata to fungicides with different modes of action |
title_sort | cross-resistance of the pathogenic fungus alternaria alternata to fungicides with different modes of action |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6720428/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31477005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1574-8 |
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