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Effect of Ionizing Radiation from Computed Tomography on Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Neural Precursors

We studied the effect of radiation from computed tomography (CT) scans on differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into neuronal lineage. hESCs were divided into three radiation exposure groups: 0-dose, low-dose, or high-dose exposure. Low dose was accomplished with a single 15 mGy CT d...

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Autores principales: Hanu, Christine, Loeliger, Burk W., Panyutin, Irina V., Maass-Moreno, Roberto, Wakim, Paul, Pritchard, William F., Neumann, Ronald D., Panyutin, Igor G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6720494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31405104
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163900
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author Hanu, Christine
Loeliger, Burk W.
Panyutin, Irina V.
Maass-Moreno, Roberto
Wakim, Paul
Pritchard, William F.
Neumann, Ronald D.
Panyutin, Igor G.
author_facet Hanu, Christine
Loeliger, Burk W.
Panyutin, Irina V.
Maass-Moreno, Roberto
Wakim, Paul
Pritchard, William F.
Neumann, Ronald D.
Panyutin, Igor G.
author_sort Hanu, Christine
collection PubMed
description We studied the effect of radiation from computed tomography (CT) scans on differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into neuronal lineage. hESCs were divided into three radiation exposure groups: 0-dose, low-dose, or high-dose exposure. Low dose was accomplished with a single 15 mGy CT dose index (CTDI) CT scan that approximated the dose for abdominal/pelvic CT examinations in adults while the high dose was achieved with several consecutive CT scans yielding a cumulative dose of 500 mGy CTDI. The neural induction was characterized by immunocytochemistry. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blots were used to measure expression of the neuronal markers PAX6 and NES and pluripotency marker OCT4. We did not find any visible morphological differences between neural precursors from irradiated and non-irradiated cells. However, quantitative analyses of neuronal markers showed that PAX6 expression was reduced following exposure to the high dose compared to 0-dose controls, while no such decrease in PAX6 expression was observed following exposure to the low dose. Similarly, a statistically significant reduction in expression of NES was observed following high-dose exposure, while after low-dose exposure, a modest but statistically significant reduction in NES expression was only observed on Day 8 of differentiation. Further studies are warranted to elucidate how lower or delayed expression of PAX6 and NES can impact human fetal brain development.
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spelling pubmed-67204942019-09-10 Effect of Ionizing Radiation from Computed Tomography on Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Neural Precursors Hanu, Christine Loeliger, Burk W. Panyutin, Irina V. Maass-Moreno, Roberto Wakim, Paul Pritchard, William F. Neumann, Ronald D. Panyutin, Igor G. Int J Mol Sci Article We studied the effect of radiation from computed tomography (CT) scans on differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into neuronal lineage. hESCs were divided into three radiation exposure groups: 0-dose, low-dose, or high-dose exposure. Low dose was accomplished with a single 15 mGy CT dose index (CTDI) CT scan that approximated the dose for abdominal/pelvic CT examinations in adults while the high dose was achieved with several consecutive CT scans yielding a cumulative dose of 500 mGy CTDI. The neural induction was characterized by immunocytochemistry. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blots were used to measure expression of the neuronal markers PAX6 and NES and pluripotency marker OCT4. We did not find any visible morphological differences between neural precursors from irradiated and non-irradiated cells. However, quantitative analyses of neuronal markers showed that PAX6 expression was reduced following exposure to the high dose compared to 0-dose controls, while no such decrease in PAX6 expression was observed following exposure to the low dose. Similarly, a statistically significant reduction in expression of NES was observed following high-dose exposure, while after low-dose exposure, a modest but statistically significant reduction in NES expression was only observed on Day 8 of differentiation. Further studies are warranted to elucidate how lower or delayed expression of PAX6 and NES can impact human fetal brain development. MDPI 2019-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6720494/ /pubmed/31405104 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163900 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hanu, Christine
Loeliger, Burk W.
Panyutin, Irina V.
Maass-Moreno, Roberto
Wakim, Paul
Pritchard, William F.
Neumann, Ronald D.
Panyutin, Igor G.
Effect of Ionizing Radiation from Computed Tomography on Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Neural Precursors
title Effect of Ionizing Radiation from Computed Tomography on Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Neural Precursors
title_full Effect of Ionizing Radiation from Computed Tomography on Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Neural Precursors
title_fullStr Effect of Ionizing Radiation from Computed Tomography on Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Neural Precursors
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Ionizing Radiation from Computed Tomography on Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Neural Precursors
title_short Effect of Ionizing Radiation from Computed Tomography on Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Neural Precursors
title_sort effect of ionizing radiation from computed tomography on differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into neural precursors
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6720494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31405104
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163900
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