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Can a Simple Dietary Screening in Early Pregnancy Identify Dietary Habits Associated with Gestational Diabetes?

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is predominantly a lifestyle disease, with diet being an important modifiable risk factor. A major obstacle for the prevention in clinical practice is the complexity of assessing diet. In a cohort of 1651 Icelandic women, this study examined whether a short 40-ite...

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Autores principales: Hrolfsdottir, Laufey, Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjorg, Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva, Hreidarsdottir, Ingibjorg Th, Smarason, Alexander Kr., Hardardottir, Hildur, Halldorsson, Thorhallur I.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6722606/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31405206
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11081868
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author Hrolfsdottir, Laufey
Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjorg
Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva
Hreidarsdottir, Ingibjorg Th
Smarason, Alexander Kr.
Hardardottir, Hildur
Halldorsson, Thorhallur I.
author_facet Hrolfsdottir, Laufey
Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjorg
Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva
Hreidarsdottir, Ingibjorg Th
Smarason, Alexander Kr.
Hardardottir, Hildur
Halldorsson, Thorhallur I.
author_sort Hrolfsdottir, Laufey
collection PubMed
description Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is predominantly a lifestyle disease, with diet being an important modifiable risk factor. A major obstacle for the prevention in clinical practice is the complexity of assessing diet. In a cohort of 1651 Icelandic women, this study examined whether a short 40-item dietary screening questionnaire administered in the 1st trimester could identify dietary habits associated with GDM. The dietary variables were aggregated into predefined binary factors reflecting inadequate or optimal intake and stepwise backward elimination was used to identify a reduced set of factors that best predicted GDM. Those binary factors were then aggregated into a risk score (range: 0–7), that was mostly characterised by frequent consumption of soft drinks, sweets, cookies, ice creams and processed meat. The women with poor dietary habits (score ≥ 5, n = 302), had a higher risk of GDM (RR = 1.38; 95%CI = 3, 85) compared with women with a more optimal diet (score ≤ 2, n = 407). In parallel, a pilot (n = 100) intervention was conducted among overweight and obese women examining the effect of internet-based personalized feedback on diet quality. Simple feedback was given in accordance with the answers provided in the screening questionnaire in 1st trimester. At the endpoint, the improvements in diet quality were observed by, as an example, soft drink consumption being reduced by ~1 L/week on average in the intervention group compared to the controls. Our results suggest that a simple dietary screening tool administered in the 1st trimester could identify dietary habits associated with GMD. This tool should be easy to use in a clinical setting, and with simple individualized feedback, improvements in diet may be achieved.
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spelling pubmed-67226062019-09-10 Can a Simple Dietary Screening in Early Pregnancy Identify Dietary Habits Associated with Gestational Diabetes? Hrolfsdottir, Laufey Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjorg Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva Hreidarsdottir, Ingibjorg Th Smarason, Alexander Kr. Hardardottir, Hildur Halldorsson, Thorhallur I. Nutrients Article Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is predominantly a lifestyle disease, with diet being an important modifiable risk factor. A major obstacle for the prevention in clinical practice is the complexity of assessing diet. In a cohort of 1651 Icelandic women, this study examined whether a short 40-item dietary screening questionnaire administered in the 1st trimester could identify dietary habits associated with GDM. The dietary variables were aggregated into predefined binary factors reflecting inadequate or optimal intake and stepwise backward elimination was used to identify a reduced set of factors that best predicted GDM. Those binary factors were then aggregated into a risk score (range: 0–7), that was mostly characterised by frequent consumption of soft drinks, sweets, cookies, ice creams and processed meat. The women with poor dietary habits (score ≥ 5, n = 302), had a higher risk of GDM (RR = 1.38; 95%CI = 3, 85) compared with women with a more optimal diet (score ≤ 2, n = 407). In parallel, a pilot (n = 100) intervention was conducted among overweight and obese women examining the effect of internet-based personalized feedback on diet quality. Simple feedback was given in accordance with the answers provided in the screening questionnaire in 1st trimester. At the endpoint, the improvements in diet quality were observed by, as an example, soft drink consumption being reduced by ~1 L/week on average in the intervention group compared to the controls. Our results suggest that a simple dietary screening tool administered in the 1st trimester could identify dietary habits associated with GMD. This tool should be easy to use in a clinical setting, and with simple individualized feedback, improvements in diet may be achieved. MDPI 2019-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6722606/ /pubmed/31405206 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11081868 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hrolfsdottir, Laufey
Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjorg
Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva
Hreidarsdottir, Ingibjorg Th
Smarason, Alexander Kr.
Hardardottir, Hildur
Halldorsson, Thorhallur I.
Can a Simple Dietary Screening in Early Pregnancy Identify Dietary Habits Associated with Gestational Diabetes?
title Can a Simple Dietary Screening in Early Pregnancy Identify Dietary Habits Associated with Gestational Diabetes?
title_full Can a Simple Dietary Screening in Early Pregnancy Identify Dietary Habits Associated with Gestational Diabetes?
title_fullStr Can a Simple Dietary Screening in Early Pregnancy Identify Dietary Habits Associated with Gestational Diabetes?
title_full_unstemmed Can a Simple Dietary Screening in Early Pregnancy Identify Dietary Habits Associated with Gestational Diabetes?
title_short Can a Simple Dietary Screening in Early Pregnancy Identify Dietary Habits Associated with Gestational Diabetes?
title_sort can a simple dietary screening in early pregnancy identify dietary habits associated with gestational diabetes?
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6722606/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31405206
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11081868
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