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Differences in the Development of Internal Reproductive Organs, Feeding Amount and Nutrient Storage between Pre-Diapause and Pre-Reproductive Harmonia axyridis Adults
Diapause control is one of the successful methods for long-term cold storage of biological control organisms without decreasing their fitness. Sufficient preparation before diapause is essential for successful diapause initiation and maintenance. Harmonia axyridis, an important biocontrol agent in i...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6722978/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31390796 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10080243 |
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author | Gao, Qiao Wei, Bing-Xin Liu, Wen Wang, Jia-Lu Zhou, Xing-Miao Wang, Xiao-Ping |
author_facet | Gao, Qiao Wei, Bing-Xin Liu, Wen Wang, Jia-Lu Zhou, Xing-Miao Wang, Xiao-Ping |
author_sort | Gao, Qiao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Diapause control is one of the successful methods for long-term cold storage of biological control organisms without decreasing their fitness. Sufficient preparation before diapause is essential for successful diapause initiation and maintenance. Harmonia axyridis, an important biocontrol agent in its native place, can enter reproductive diapause for overwintering. However, the key preparatory events before diapause in H. axyridis, such as specific developmental trajectory, timing, and physiological changes, remain unclear. We compared differences in the development of internal reproductive organs, feeding amount and nutrient storage between pre-diapause and pre-reproductive adult H. axyridis which had been reared at 20 °C under a short-day (10L:14D) and long-day (14L:10D) condition, respectively. The results showed that there were obvious morphological differences in internal reproductive organs of diapause and reproductive H. axyridis. The development of internal reproductive organs was suppressed at early adult stage in pre-diapause beetles compared to pre-reproductive beetles. Feeding amount in both pre-diapause and pre-reproductive beetles increased for more than ten days after eclosion. The feeding amount of pre-diapause beetles sharply decreased from the 15th day after eclosion in females and the 14th day after eclosion in males, which implied the initiation of diapause. During the pre-diapause stage, carbohydrates and lipids were mainly accumulated by females, whereas males mainly accumulated carbohydrates. Our results not only provide basic information about the diapause process of pre-diapause stage, but also give tips to better utilization of diapause strategy during mass production and storage of H. axyridis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6722978 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67229782019-09-10 Differences in the Development of Internal Reproductive Organs, Feeding Amount and Nutrient Storage between Pre-Diapause and Pre-Reproductive Harmonia axyridis Adults Gao, Qiao Wei, Bing-Xin Liu, Wen Wang, Jia-Lu Zhou, Xing-Miao Wang, Xiao-Ping Insects Article Diapause control is one of the successful methods for long-term cold storage of biological control organisms without decreasing their fitness. Sufficient preparation before diapause is essential for successful diapause initiation and maintenance. Harmonia axyridis, an important biocontrol agent in its native place, can enter reproductive diapause for overwintering. However, the key preparatory events before diapause in H. axyridis, such as specific developmental trajectory, timing, and physiological changes, remain unclear. We compared differences in the development of internal reproductive organs, feeding amount and nutrient storage between pre-diapause and pre-reproductive adult H. axyridis which had been reared at 20 °C under a short-day (10L:14D) and long-day (14L:10D) condition, respectively. The results showed that there were obvious morphological differences in internal reproductive organs of diapause and reproductive H. axyridis. The development of internal reproductive organs was suppressed at early adult stage in pre-diapause beetles compared to pre-reproductive beetles. Feeding amount in both pre-diapause and pre-reproductive beetles increased for more than ten days after eclosion. The feeding amount of pre-diapause beetles sharply decreased from the 15th day after eclosion in females and the 14th day after eclosion in males, which implied the initiation of diapause. During the pre-diapause stage, carbohydrates and lipids were mainly accumulated by females, whereas males mainly accumulated carbohydrates. Our results not only provide basic information about the diapause process of pre-diapause stage, but also give tips to better utilization of diapause strategy during mass production and storage of H. axyridis. MDPI 2019-08-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6722978/ /pubmed/31390796 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10080243 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Gao, Qiao Wei, Bing-Xin Liu, Wen Wang, Jia-Lu Zhou, Xing-Miao Wang, Xiao-Ping Differences in the Development of Internal Reproductive Organs, Feeding Amount and Nutrient Storage between Pre-Diapause and Pre-Reproductive Harmonia axyridis Adults |
title | Differences in the Development of Internal Reproductive Organs, Feeding Amount and Nutrient Storage between Pre-Diapause and Pre-Reproductive Harmonia axyridis Adults |
title_full | Differences in the Development of Internal Reproductive Organs, Feeding Amount and Nutrient Storage between Pre-Diapause and Pre-Reproductive Harmonia axyridis Adults |
title_fullStr | Differences in the Development of Internal Reproductive Organs, Feeding Amount and Nutrient Storage between Pre-Diapause and Pre-Reproductive Harmonia axyridis Adults |
title_full_unstemmed | Differences in the Development of Internal Reproductive Organs, Feeding Amount and Nutrient Storage between Pre-Diapause and Pre-Reproductive Harmonia axyridis Adults |
title_short | Differences in the Development of Internal Reproductive Organs, Feeding Amount and Nutrient Storage between Pre-Diapause and Pre-Reproductive Harmonia axyridis Adults |
title_sort | differences in the development of internal reproductive organs, feeding amount and nutrient storage between pre-diapause and pre-reproductive harmonia axyridis adults |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6722978/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31390796 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10080243 |
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