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Preparation and Coagulation Performance of Carboxypropylated and Carboxypentylated Lignosulfonates for Dye Removal

In this work, 1-carboxypropyled (1-CPRLS) and 5-carboxypentyled lignosulfonates (5-CPELS) were synthesized using 2-chlorobutanoic acid and 6-chlorohexanoic acid as carboxylate group donors via S(N)1 and S(N)2 mechanisms, respectively. 1-Carboxypropyl and 5-carboxypentyl lignosulfonates with the char...

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Autores principales: Bahrpaima, Khatereh, Fatehi, Pedram
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723465/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31434221
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9080383
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author Bahrpaima, Khatereh
Fatehi, Pedram
author_facet Bahrpaima, Khatereh
Fatehi, Pedram
author_sort Bahrpaima, Khatereh
collection PubMed
description In this work, 1-carboxypropyled (1-CPRLS) and 5-carboxypentyled lignosulfonates (5-CPELS) were synthesized using 2-chlorobutanoic acid and 6-chlorohexanoic acid as carboxylate group donors via S(N)1 and S(N)2 mechanisms, respectively. 1-Carboxypropyl and 5-carboxypentyl lignosulfonates with the charge densities of −3.45 and −2.94 meq g(−1) and molecular weights of 87,900 and 42,400 g·mol(−1) were produced, respectively, under mild conditions. The carboxylate content and degree of substitution (DS) of the 1-CPRLS product were 2.37 mmol·g(−1) and 0.70 mol·mol(−1), while those of 5-CPELS products were 2.13 mmol·g(−1) and 0.66 mol·mol(−1), respectively. The grafting of carboxypropyl and carboxypentyl groups to lignosulfonate was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H-NMR and (13)C-NMR) spectroscopies. In addition, 1-CPRLS and 5-CPELS were applied as coagulants for removing ethyl violet (EV) dye from a simulated solution, and their performance was related to their charge densities and molecular weights. Furthermore, fundamental discussion is provided on the advantages of (1) producing 1-CPRLS and (2) the superior properties and performance of 1-CPRLS to carboxyethylated lignosulfonate.
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spelling pubmed-67234652019-09-10 Preparation and Coagulation Performance of Carboxypropylated and Carboxypentylated Lignosulfonates for Dye Removal Bahrpaima, Khatereh Fatehi, Pedram Biomolecules Article In this work, 1-carboxypropyled (1-CPRLS) and 5-carboxypentyled lignosulfonates (5-CPELS) were synthesized using 2-chlorobutanoic acid and 6-chlorohexanoic acid as carboxylate group donors via S(N)1 and S(N)2 mechanisms, respectively. 1-Carboxypropyl and 5-carboxypentyl lignosulfonates with the charge densities of −3.45 and −2.94 meq g(−1) and molecular weights of 87,900 and 42,400 g·mol(−1) were produced, respectively, under mild conditions. The carboxylate content and degree of substitution (DS) of the 1-CPRLS product were 2.37 mmol·g(−1) and 0.70 mol·mol(−1), while those of 5-CPELS products were 2.13 mmol·g(−1) and 0.66 mol·mol(−1), respectively. The grafting of carboxypropyl and carboxypentyl groups to lignosulfonate was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H-NMR and (13)C-NMR) spectroscopies. In addition, 1-CPRLS and 5-CPELS were applied as coagulants for removing ethyl violet (EV) dye from a simulated solution, and their performance was related to their charge densities and molecular weights. Furthermore, fundamental discussion is provided on the advantages of (1) producing 1-CPRLS and (2) the superior properties and performance of 1-CPRLS to carboxyethylated lignosulfonate. MDPI 2019-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6723465/ /pubmed/31434221 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9080383 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bahrpaima, Khatereh
Fatehi, Pedram
Preparation and Coagulation Performance of Carboxypropylated and Carboxypentylated Lignosulfonates for Dye Removal
title Preparation and Coagulation Performance of Carboxypropylated and Carboxypentylated Lignosulfonates for Dye Removal
title_full Preparation and Coagulation Performance of Carboxypropylated and Carboxypentylated Lignosulfonates for Dye Removal
title_fullStr Preparation and Coagulation Performance of Carboxypropylated and Carboxypentylated Lignosulfonates for Dye Removal
title_full_unstemmed Preparation and Coagulation Performance of Carboxypropylated and Carboxypentylated Lignosulfonates for Dye Removal
title_short Preparation and Coagulation Performance of Carboxypropylated and Carboxypentylated Lignosulfonates for Dye Removal
title_sort preparation and coagulation performance of carboxypropylated and carboxypentylated lignosulfonates for dye removal
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723465/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31434221
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9080383
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