Cargando…
Pavlovian-To-Instrumental Transfer and Alcohol Consumption in Young Male Social Drinkers: Behavioral, Neural and Polygenic Correlates
In animals and humans, behavior can be influenced by irrelevant stimuli, a phenomenon called Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT). In subjects with substance use disorder, PIT is even enhanced with functional activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and amygdala. While we observed enhanced beh...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723486/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31398853 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081188 |
_version_ | 1783448779927584768 |
---|---|
author | Garbusow, Maria Nebe, Stephan Sommer, Christian Kuitunen-Paul, Sören Sebold, Miriam Schad, Daniel J. Friedel, Eva Veer, Ilya M. Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich Rapp, Michael A. Ripke, Stephan Walter, Henrik Huys, Quentin J. M. Schlagenhauf, Florian Smolka, Michael N. Heinz, Andreas |
author_facet | Garbusow, Maria Nebe, Stephan Sommer, Christian Kuitunen-Paul, Sören Sebold, Miriam Schad, Daniel J. Friedel, Eva Veer, Ilya M. Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich Rapp, Michael A. Ripke, Stephan Walter, Henrik Huys, Quentin J. M. Schlagenhauf, Florian Smolka, Michael N. Heinz, Andreas |
author_sort | Garbusow, Maria |
collection | PubMed |
description | In animals and humans, behavior can be influenced by irrelevant stimuli, a phenomenon called Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT). In subjects with substance use disorder, PIT is even enhanced with functional activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and amygdala. While we observed enhanced behavioral and neural PIT effects in alcohol-dependent subjects, we here aimed to determine whether behavioral PIT is enhanced in young men with high-risk compared to low-risk drinking and subsequently related functional activation in an a-priori region of interest encompassing the NAcc and amygdala and related to polygenic risk for alcohol consumption. A representative sample of 18-year old men (n = 1937) was contacted: 445 were screened, 209 assessed: resulting in 191 valid behavioral, 139 imaging and 157 genetic datasets. None of the subjects fulfilled criteria for alcohol dependence according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-TextRevision (DSM-IV-TR). We measured how instrumental responding for rewards was influenced by background Pavlovian conditioned stimuli predicting action-independent rewards and losses. Behavioral PIT was enhanced in high-compared to low-risk drinkers (b = 0.09, SE = 0.03, z = 2.7, p < 0.009). Across all subjects, we observed PIT-related neural blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in the right amygdala (t = 3.25, p(SVC) = 0.04, x = 26, y = −6, z = −12), but not in NAcc. The strength of the behavioral PIT effect was positively correlated with polygenic risk for alcohol consumption (r(s) = 0.17, p = 0.032). We conclude that behavioral PIT and polygenic risk for alcohol consumption might be a biomarker for a subclinical phenotype of risky alcohol consumption, even if no drug-related stimulus is present. The association between behavioral PIT effects and the amygdala might point to habitual processes related to out PIT task. In non-dependent young social drinkers, the amygdala rather than the NAcc is activated during PIT; possible different involvement in association with disease trajectory should be investigated in future studies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6723486 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67234862019-09-10 Pavlovian-To-Instrumental Transfer and Alcohol Consumption in Young Male Social Drinkers: Behavioral, Neural and Polygenic Correlates Garbusow, Maria Nebe, Stephan Sommer, Christian Kuitunen-Paul, Sören Sebold, Miriam Schad, Daniel J. Friedel, Eva Veer, Ilya M. Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich Rapp, Michael A. Ripke, Stephan Walter, Henrik Huys, Quentin J. M. Schlagenhauf, Florian Smolka, Michael N. Heinz, Andreas J Clin Med Article In animals and humans, behavior can be influenced by irrelevant stimuli, a phenomenon called Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT). In subjects with substance use disorder, PIT is even enhanced with functional activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and amygdala. While we observed enhanced behavioral and neural PIT effects in alcohol-dependent subjects, we here aimed to determine whether behavioral PIT is enhanced in young men with high-risk compared to low-risk drinking and subsequently related functional activation in an a-priori region of interest encompassing the NAcc and amygdala and related to polygenic risk for alcohol consumption. A representative sample of 18-year old men (n = 1937) was contacted: 445 were screened, 209 assessed: resulting in 191 valid behavioral, 139 imaging and 157 genetic datasets. None of the subjects fulfilled criteria for alcohol dependence according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-TextRevision (DSM-IV-TR). We measured how instrumental responding for rewards was influenced by background Pavlovian conditioned stimuli predicting action-independent rewards and losses. Behavioral PIT was enhanced in high-compared to low-risk drinkers (b = 0.09, SE = 0.03, z = 2.7, p < 0.009). Across all subjects, we observed PIT-related neural blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in the right amygdala (t = 3.25, p(SVC) = 0.04, x = 26, y = −6, z = −12), but not in NAcc. The strength of the behavioral PIT effect was positively correlated with polygenic risk for alcohol consumption (r(s) = 0.17, p = 0.032). We conclude that behavioral PIT and polygenic risk for alcohol consumption might be a biomarker for a subclinical phenotype of risky alcohol consumption, even if no drug-related stimulus is present. The association between behavioral PIT effects and the amygdala might point to habitual processes related to out PIT task. In non-dependent young social drinkers, the amygdala rather than the NAcc is activated during PIT; possible different involvement in association with disease trajectory should be investigated in future studies. MDPI 2019-08-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6723486/ /pubmed/31398853 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081188 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Garbusow, Maria Nebe, Stephan Sommer, Christian Kuitunen-Paul, Sören Sebold, Miriam Schad, Daniel J. Friedel, Eva Veer, Ilya M. Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich Rapp, Michael A. Ripke, Stephan Walter, Henrik Huys, Quentin J. M. Schlagenhauf, Florian Smolka, Michael N. Heinz, Andreas Pavlovian-To-Instrumental Transfer and Alcohol Consumption in Young Male Social Drinkers: Behavioral, Neural and Polygenic Correlates |
title | Pavlovian-To-Instrumental Transfer and Alcohol Consumption in Young Male Social Drinkers: Behavioral, Neural and Polygenic Correlates |
title_full | Pavlovian-To-Instrumental Transfer and Alcohol Consumption in Young Male Social Drinkers: Behavioral, Neural and Polygenic Correlates |
title_fullStr | Pavlovian-To-Instrumental Transfer and Alcohol Consumption in Young Male Social Drinkers: Behavioral, Neural and Polygenic Correlates |
title_full_unstemmed | Pavlovian-To-Instrumental Transfer and Alcohol Consumption in Young Male Social Drinkers: Behavioral, Neural and Polygenic Correlates |
title_short | Pavlovian-To-Instrumental Transfer and Alcohol Consumption in Young Male Social Drinkers: Behavioral, Neural and Polygenic Correlates |
title_sort | pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer and alcohol consumption in young male social drinkers: behavioral, neural and polygenic correlates |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723486/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31398853 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081188 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT garbusowmaria pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT nebestephan pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT sommerchristian pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT kuitunenpaulsoren pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT seboldmiriam pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT schaddanielj pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT friedeleva pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT veerilyam pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT wittchenhansulrich pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT rappmichaela pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT ripkestephan pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT walterhenrik pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT huysquentinjm pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT schlagenhaufflorian pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT smolkamichaeln pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates AT heinzandreas pavloviantoinstrumentaltransferandalcoholconsumptioninyoungmalesocialdrinkersbehavioralneuralandpolygeniccorrelates |