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Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Interaction with Gut Microbiota and Gut Hormones

Diet plays an important role not only in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but also as a tool that improves symptoms and quality of life. The effects of diet seem to be a result of an interaction with the gut bacteria and the gut endocrine cells. The density of gut endocrine cel...

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Autores principales: El-Salhy, Magdy, Hatlebakk, Jan Gunnar, Hausken, Trygve
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723613/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31394793
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11081824
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author El-Salhy, Magdy
Hatlebakk, Jan Gunnar
Hausken, Trygve
author_facet El-Salhy, Magdy
Hatlebakk, Jan Gunnar
Hausken, Trygve
author_sort El-Salhy, Magdy
collection PubMed
description Diet plays an important role not only in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but also as a tool that improves symptoms and quality of life. The effects of diet seem to be a result of an interaction with the gut bacteria and the gut endocrine cells. The density of gut endocrine cells is low in IBS patients, and it is believed that this abnormality is the direct cause of the symptoms seen in IBS patients. The low density of gut endocrine cells is probably caused by a low number of stem cells and low differentiation progeny toward endocrine cells. A low fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) diet and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) restore the gut endocrine cells to the level of healthy subjects. It has been suggested that our diet acts as a prebiotic that favors the growth of a certain types of bacteria. Diet also acts as a substrate for gut bacteria fermentation, which results in several by-products. These by-products might act on the stem cells in such a way that the gut stem cells decrease, and consequently, endocrine cell numbers decrease. Changing to a low-FODMAP diet or changing the gut bacteria through FMT improves IBS symptoms and restores the density of endocrine cells.
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spelling pubmed-67236132019-09-10 Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Interaction with Gut Microbiota and Gut Hormones El-Salhy, Magdy Hatlebakk, Jan Gunnar Hausken, Trygve Nutrients Communication Diet plays an important role not only in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but also as a tool that improves symptoms and quality of life. The effects of diet seem to be a result of an interaction with the gut bacteria and the gut endocrine cells. The density of gut endocrine cells is low in IBS patients, and it is believed that this abnormality is the direct cause of the symptoms seen in IBS patients. The low density of gut endocrine cells is probably caused by a low number of stem cells and low differentiation progeny toward endocrine cells. A low fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) diet and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) restore the gut endocrine cells to the level of healthy subjects. It has been suggested that our diet acts as a prebiotic that favors the growth of a certain types of bacteria. Diet also acts as a substrate for gut bacteria fermentation, which results in several by-products. These by-products might act on the stem cells in such a way that the gut stem cells decrease, and consequently, endocrine cell numbers decrease. Changing to a low-FODMAP diet or changing the gut bacteria through FMT improves IBS symptoms and restores the density of endocrine cells. MDPI 2019-08-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6723613/ /pubmed/31394793 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11081824 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
El-Salhy, Magdy
Hatlebakk, Jan Gunnar
Hausken, Trygve
Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Interaction with Gut Microbiota and Gut Hormones
title Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Interaction with Gut Microbiota and Gut Hormones
title_full Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Interaction with Gut Microbiota and Gut Hormones
title_fullStr Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Interaction with Gut Microbiota and Gut Hormones
title_full_unstemmed Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Interaction with Gut Microbiota and Gut Hormones
title_short Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Interaction with Gut Microbiota and Gut Hormones
title_sort diet in irritable bowel syndrome (ibs): interaction with gut microbiota and gut hormones
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723613/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31394793
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11081824
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