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Investigating Stress Response during Vaginal Delivery and Elective Cesarean Section through Assessment of Levels of Cortisol, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1)
Background: How do stress related phenomena during labor differ between vaginal delivery (VD) and elective cesarean section (CS), remains of heightened interest. The purpose of this study is to investigate discrepancies regarding the stress response during VD and CS. Methods: Cortisol, interleukin 6...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723771/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31357604 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081112 |
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author | Kiriakopoulos, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Sokratis Maziotis, Evangelos Philippou, Anastasios Rapani, Anna Giannelou, Polina Tsioulou, Petroula Sfakianoudis, Konstantinos Kontogeorgi, Adamantia Bakas, Panagiotis Mastorakos, George Koutsilieris, Michael Simopoulou, Mara |
author_facet | Kiriakopoulos, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Sokratis Maziotis, Evangelos Philippou, Anastasios Rapani, Anna Giannelou, Polina Tsioulou, Petroula Sfakianoudis, Konstantinos Kontogeorgi, Adamantia Bakas, Panagiotis Mastorakos, George Koutsilieris, Michael Simopoulou, Mara |
author_sort | Kiriakopoulos, Nikolaos |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: How do stress related phenomena during labor differ between vaginal delivery (VD) and elective cesarean section (CS), remains of heightened interest. The purpose of this study is to investigate discrepancies regarding the stress response during VD and CS. Methods: Cortisol, interleukin 6 (IL-6), growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels from parturients’ peripheral blood were evaluated on three time-points, namely during the first stage of labor (TP1), two hours post labor (TP2) and 48 h post labor (TP3). Levels were also evaluated from the umbilical cord blood. A total of 50 women were enrolled in this prospective cohort study, with 24 and 26 subjected to CS and VD, respectively. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups at TP1. Only GH levels presented the same pattern during the three time-points among both groups. In the umbilical cord blood, the CS group presented statistically significant higher IGF-1 and GH levels. In the umbilical cord blood, IGF-1 and GH levels were positively correlated, while GH and cortisol levels were negatively correlated. Conclusion: CS is a less stressful procedure than VD and is further associated with less intense inflammation, albeit with a longer inflammatory response period. Labor physiology during CS differs considerably regarding respective observations during VD. This merits extensive investigation in order to decipher these data for optimal clinical practice and guidelines. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6723771 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67237712019-09-10 Investigating Stress Response during Vaginal Delivery and Elective Cesarean Section through Assessment of Levels of Cortisol, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) Kiriakopoulos, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Sokratis Maziotis, Evangelos Philippou, Anastasios Rapani, Anna Giannelou, Polina Tsioulou, Petroula Sfakianoudis, Konstantinos Kontogeorgi, Adamantia Bakas, Panagiotis Mastorakos, George Koutsilieris, Michael Simopoulou, Mara J Clin Med Article Background: How do stress related phenomena during labor differ between vaginal delivery (VD) and elective cesarean section (CS), remains of heightened interest. The purpose of this study is to investigate discrepancies regarding the stress response during VD and CS. Methods: Cortisol, interleukin 6 (IL-6), growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels from parturients’ peripheral blood were evaluated on three time-points, namely during the first stage of labor (TP1), two hours post labor (TP2) and 48 h post labor (TP3). Levels were also evaluated from the umbilical cord blood. A total of 50 women were enrolled in this prospective cohort study, with 24 and 26 subjected to CS and VD, respectively. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups at TP1. Only GH levels presented the same pattern during the three time-points among both groups. In the umbilical cord blood, the CS group presented statistically significant higher IGF-1 and GH levels. In the umbilical cord blood, IGF-1 and GH levels were positively correlated, while GH and cortisol levels were negatively correlated. Conclusion: CS is a less stressful procedure than VD and is further associated with less intense inflammation, albeit with a longer inflammatory response period. Labor physiology during CS differs considerably regarding respective observations during VD. This merits extensive investigation in order to decipher these data for optimal clinical practice and guidelines. MDPI 2019-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6723771/ /pubmed/31357604 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081112 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kiriakopoulos, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Sokratis Maziotis, Evangelos Philippou, Anastasios Rapani, Anna Giannelou, Polina Tsioulou, Petroula Sfakianoudis, Konstantinos Kontogeorgi, Adamantia Bakas, Panagiotis Mastorakos, George Koutsilieris, Michael Simopoulou, Mara Investigating Stress Response during Vaginal Delivery and Elective Cesarean Section through Assessment of Levels of Cortisol, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) |
title | Investigating Stress Response during Vaginal Delivery and Elective Cesarean Section through Assessment of Levels of Cortisol, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) |
title_full | Investigating Stress Response during Vaginal Delivery and Elective Cesarean Section through Assessment of Levels of Cortisol, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) |
title_fullStr | Investigating Stress Response during Vaginal Delivery and Elective Cesarean Section through Assessment of Levels of Cortisol, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) |
title_full_unstemmed | Investigating Stress Response during Vaginal Delivery and Elective Cesarean Section through Assessment of Levels of Cortisol, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) |
title_short | Investigating Stress Response during Vaginal Delivery and Elective Cesarean Section through Assessment of Levels of Cortisol, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) |
title_sort | investigating stress response during vaginal delivery and elective cesarean section through assessment of levels of cortisol, interleukin 6 (il-6), growth hormone (gh) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-1) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723771/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31357604 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081112 |
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