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Editorial—Role of DNA Methyltransferases in the Epigenome

DNA methylation, a modification found in most species, regulates chromatin functions in conjunction with other epigenome modifications, such as histone post-translational modifications and non-coding RNAs. In mammals, DNA methylation has essential roles in development by orchestrating the generation...

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Autores principales: Jeltsch, Albert, Gowher, Humaira
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723798/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31366147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10080574
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author Jeltsch, Albert
Gowher, Humaira
author_facet Jeltsch, Albert
Gowher, Humaira
author_sort Jeltsch, Albert
collection PubMed
description DNA methylation, a modification found in most species, regulates chromatin functions in conjunction with other epigenome modifications, such as histone post-translational modifications and non-coding RNAs. In mammals, DNA methylation has essential roles in development by orchestrating the generation and maintenance of the phenotypic diversity of human cell types. This Special Issue of Genes contains eight review articles, which cover several aspects of epigenome regulation by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), the enzymes responsible for the introduction of DNA methylation. The manuscripts present the most recent advances regarding the structure and function of DNMTs, their targeting and regulation by interacting factors and chromatin modifications, and the roles of DNMTs in mammalian development and human diseases. However, many aspects of these important enzymes are still insufficiently understood. Potential directions of future work are the regulation of DNMTs by post-translational modifications and their connection to cellular signaling and second messenger cascades on one hand and to large multifactorial epigenetic chromatin circuits on the other. Additionally, technical advancements, including the availability of designer nucleosomes and the rapid development of cryo-electron microscopy are expected to trigger breakthrough discoveries in this exciting field.
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spelling pubmed-67237982019-09-10 Editorial—Role of DNA Methyltransferases in the Epigenome Jeltsch, Albert Gowher, Humaira Genes (Basel) Editorial DNA methylation, a modification found in most species, regulates chromatin functions in conjunction with other epigenome modifications, such as histone post-translational modifications and non-coding RNAs. In mammals, DNA methylation has essential roles in development by orchestrating the generation and maintenance of the phenotypic diversity of human cell types. This Special Issue of Genes contains eight review articles, which cover several aspects of epigenome regulation by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), the enzymes responsible for the introduction of DNA methylation. The manuscripts present the most recent advances regarding the structure and function of DNMTs, their targeting and regulation by interacting factors and chromatin modifications, and the roles of DNMTs in mammalian development and human diseases. However, many aspects of these important enzymes are still insufficiently understood. Potential directions of future work are the regulation of DNMTs by post-translational modifications and their connection to cellular signaling and second messenger cascades on one hand and to large multifactorial epigenetic chromatin circuits on the other. Additionally, technical advancements, including the availability of designer nucleosomes and the rapid development of cryo-electron microscopy are expected to trigger breakthrough discoveries in this exciting field. MDPI 2019-07-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6723798/ /pubmed/31366147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10080574 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Editorial
Jeltsch, Albert
Gowher, Humaira
Editorial—Role of DNA Methyltransferases in the Epigenome
title Editorial—Role of DNA Methyltransferases in the Epigenome
title_full Editorial—Role of DNA Methyltransferases in the Epigenome
title_fullStr Editorial—Role of DNA Methyltransferases in the Epigenome
title_full_unstemmed Editorial—Role of DNA Methyltransferases in the Epigenome
title_short Editorial—Role of DNA Methyltransferases in the Epigenome
title_sort editorial—role of dna methyltransferases in the epigenome
topic Editorial
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723798/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31366147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10080574
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