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Inhibitory Effects of Antiviral Drug Candidates on Canine Parvovirus in F81 cells

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a common etiological agent of acute enteritis, which occurs globally in domestic and wild carnivores. Despite the widespread use of inactivated or live attenuated vaccines, the emergence of antigenic variants and the influence of maternal antibodies have raised some concer...

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Autores principales: Zhou, Hongzhuan, Su, Xia, Lin, Lulu, Zhang, Jin, Qi, Qi, Guo, Fangfang, Xu, Fuzhou, Yang, Bing
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6724046/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31412574
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11080742
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author Zhou, Hongzhuan
Su, Xia
Lin, Lulu
Zhang, Jin
Qi, Qi
Guo, Fangfang
Xu, Fuzhou
Yang, Bing
author_facet Zhou, Hongzhuan
Su, Xia
Lin, Lulu
Zhang, Jin
Qi, Qi
Guo, Fangfang
Xu, Fuzhou
Yang, Bing
author_sort Zhou, Hongzhuan
collection PubMed
description Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a common etiological agent of acute enteritis, which occurs globally in domestic and wild carnivores. Despite the widespread use of inactivated or live attenuated vaccines, the emergence of antigenic variants and the influence of maternal antibodies have raised some concerns regarding the efficacy of commercial vaccines. While no specific antiviral therapy for CPV infection exists, the only treatment option for the infection is supportive therapy based on symptoms. Thus, there is an urgent medical need to develop antiviral therapeutic options to reduce the burden of CPV-related disease. In this study, a cytopathic effect (CPE)-based high-throughput screening assay was used to screen CPV inhibitors from a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug library. After two rounds of screening, seven out of 1430 screened drugs were found to have >50% CPE inhibition. Three drugs—Nitazoxanide, Closantel Sodium, and Closantel—with higher anti-CPV effects were further evaluated in F81 cells by absolute PCR quantification and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The inhibitory effects of all three drugs were dose-dependent. Time of addition assay indicated that the drugs inhibited the early processes of the CPV replication cycle, and the inhibition effects were relatively high within 2 h postinfection. Western blot assay also showed that the three drugs had broad-spectrum antiviral activity against different subspecies of three CPV variants. In addition, antiapoptotic effects were observed within 12 h in Nitazoxanide-treated F81 cells regardless of CPV infection, while Closantel Sodium- or Closantel-treated cells had no pro- or antiapoptotic effects. In conclusion, Nitazoxanide, Closantel Sodium, and Closantel can effectively inhibit different subspecies of CPV. Since the safety profiles of FDA-approved drugs have already been extensively studied, these three drugs can potentially become specific and effective anti-CPV drugs.
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spelling pubmed-67240462019-09-10 Inhibitory Effects of Antiviral Drug Candidates on Canine Parvovirus in F81 cells Zhou, Hongzhuan Su, Xia Lin, Lulu Zhang, Jin Qi, Qi Guo, Fangfang Xu, Fuzhou Yang, Bing Viruses Article Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a common etiological agent of acute enteritis, which occurs globally in domestic and wild carnivores. Despite the widespread use of inactivated or live attenuated vaccines, the emergence of antigenic variants and the influence of maternal antibodies have raised some concerns regarding the efficacy of commercial vaccines. While no specific antiviral therapy for CPV infection exists, the only treatment option for the infection is supportive therapy based on symptoms. Thus, there is an urgent medical need to develop antiviral therapeutic options to reduce the burden of CPV-related disease. In this study, a cytopathic effect (CPE)-based high-throughput screening assay was used to screen CPV inhibitors from a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug library. After two rounds of screening, seven out of 1430 screened drugs were found to have >50% CPE inhibition. Three drugs—Nitazoxanide, Closantel Sodium, and Closantel—with higher anti-CPV effects were further evaluated in F81 cells by absolute PCR quantification and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The inhibitory effects of all three drugs were dose-dependent. Time of addition assay indicated that the drugs inhibited the early processes of the CPV replication cycle, and the inhibition effects were relatively high within 2 h postinfection. Western blot assay also showed that the three drugs had broad-spectrum antiviral activity against different subspecies of three CPV variants. In addition, antiapoptotic effects were observed within 12 h in Nitazoxanide-treated F81 cells regardless of CPV infection, while Closantel Sodium- or Closantel-treated cells had no pro- or antiapoptotic effects. In conclusion, Nitazoxanide, Closantel Sodium, and Closantel can effectively inhibit different subspecies of CPV. Since the safety profiles of FDA-approved drugs have already been extensively studied, these three drugs can potentially become specific and effective anti-CPV drugs. MDPI 2019-08-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6724046/ /pubmed/31412574 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11080742 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zhou, Hongzhuan
Su, Xia
Lin, Lulu
Zhang, Jin
Qi, Qi
Guo, Fangfang
Xu, Fuzhou
Yang, Bing
Inhibitory Effects of Antiviral Drug Candidates on Canine Parvovirus in F81 cells
title Inhibitory Effects of Antiviral Drug Candidates on Canine Parvovirus in F81 cells
title_full Inhibitory Effects of Antiviral Drug Candidates on Canine Parvovirus in F81 cells
title_fullStr Inhibitory Effects of Antiviral Drug Candidates on Canine Parvovirus in F81 cells
title_full_unstemmed Inhibitory Effects of Antiviral Drug Candidates on Canine Parvovirus in F81 cells
title_short Inhibitory Effects of Antiviral Drug Candidates on Canine Parvovirus in F81 cells
title_sort inhibitory effects of antiviral drug candidates on canine parvovirus in f81 cells
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6724046/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31412574
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11080742
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