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Long-Term Maintainable Somatic Embryogenesis System in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Using Leaf Explants: Embryogenic Sustainability Approach

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is one of the most important forage legume crops because of its mass production and high feeding value. It originated in Asia and is one of the most ancient plants cultivated throughout the world as a fodder. Despite the well-studied somatic embryogenesis of alfalfa, there...

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Autores principales: Sangra, Ankush, Shahin, Lubana, Dhir, Sarwan K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6724077/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31405007
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8080278
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author Sangra, Ankush
Shahin, Lubana
Dhir, Sarwan K.
author_facet Sangra, Ankush
Shahin, Lubana
Dhir, Sarwan K.
author_sort Sangra, Ankush
collection PubMed
description Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is one of the most important forage legume crops because of its mass production and high feeding value. It originated in Asia and is one of the most ancient plants cultivated throughout the world as a fodder. Despite the well-studied somatic embryogenesis of alfalfa, there is a lack of a long-term maintainable somatic embryogenic system. Every time an embryogenic callus culture must be started from new explants, which is laborious, costly and time consuming. In addition to this, endogenous microorganisms present in ex vitro explants of alfalfa can often cause contamination, reducing the efficiency of callus culture. An attempt was made to establish long-term continuous somatic embryogenesis system in alfalfa using cultivar Regen-SY. Nine somatic embryogenesis pathways were studied and evaluated for embryo yield, plant conversion rate and embryogenic sustainability. Somatic embryos passed through the same stages (globular, heart-shaped, torpedo and cotyledonary) as characteristic of the zygotic embryo and secondary somatic embryogenesis was also observed. B5H-B5 system showed the highest embryo yield and plant conversion rate whereas SH4K-BOi2Y system demonstrated the highest embryogenic sustainability and maintained the embryogenic potential even after six subculture cycles. Scanning electron microscopy was applied to study the morphology of the somatic embryos and secondary somatic embryogenesis. Therefore, long-term maintainable somatic embryogenesis system protocol was developed through this study, which will help to enhance and accelerate the alfalfa biotechnology research.
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spelling pubmed-67240772019-09-10 Long-Term Maintainable Somatic Embryogenesis System in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Using Leaf Explants: Embryogenic Sustainability Approach Sangra, Ankush Shahin, Lubana Dhir, Sarwan K. Plants (Basel) Article Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is one of the most important forage legume crops because of its mass production and high feeding value. It originated in Asia and is one of the most ancient plants cultivated throughout the world as a fodder. Despite the well-studied somatic embryogenesis of alfalfa, there is a lack of a long-term maintainable somatic embryogenic system. Every time an embryogenic callus culture must be started from new explants, which is laborious, costly and time consuming. In addition to this, endogenous microorganisms present in ex vitro explants of alfalfa can often cause contamination, reducing the efficiency of callus culture. An attempt was made to establish long-term continuous somatic embryogenesis system in alfalfa using cultivar Regen-SY. Nine somatic embryogenesis pathways were studied and evaluated for embryo yield, plant conversion rate and embryogenic sustainability. Somatic embryos passed through the same stages (globular, heart-shaped, torpedo and cotyledonary) as characteristic of the zygotic embryo and secondary somatic embryogenesis was also observed. B5H-B5 system showed the highest embryo yield and plant conversion rate whereas SH4K-BOi2Y system demonstrated the highest embryogenic sustainability and maintained the embryogenic potential even after six subculture cycles. Scanning electron microscopy was applied to study the morphology of the somatic embryos and secondary somatic embryogenesis. Therefore, long-term maintainable somatic embryogenesis system protocol was developed through this study, which will help to enhance and accelerate the alfalfa biotechnology research. MDPI 2019-08-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6724077/ /pubmed/31405007 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8080278 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sangra, Ankush
Shahin, Lubana
Dhir, Sarwan K.
Long-Term Maintainable Somatic Embryogenesis System in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Using Leaf Explants: Embryogenic Sustainability Approach
title Long-Term Maintainable Somatic Embryogenesis System in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Using Leaf Explants: Embryogenic Sustainability Approach
title_full Long-Term Maintainable Somatic Embryogenesis System in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Using Leaf Explants: Embryogenic Sustainability Approach
title_fullStr Long-Term Maintainable Somatic Embryogenesis System in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Using Leaf Explants: Embryogenic Sustainability Approach
title_full_unstemmed Long-Term Maintainable Somatic Embryogenesis System in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Using Leaf Explants: Embryogenic Sustainability Approach
title_short Long-Term Maintainable Somatic Embryogenesis System in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Using Leaf Explants: Embryogenic Sustainability Approach
title_sort long-term maintainable somatic embryogenesis system in alfalfa (medicago sativa) using leaf explants: embryogenic sustainability approach
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6724077/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31405007
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8080278
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