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Myosin II governs intracellular pressure and traction by distinct tropomyosin-dependent mechanisms
Two-dimensional (2D) substrate rigidity promotes myosin II activity to increase traction force in a process negatively regulated by tropomyosin (Tpm) 2.1. We recently discovered that actomyosin contractility can increase intracellular pressure and switch tumor cells from low-pressure lamellipodia to...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society for Cell Biology
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6724525/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30865560 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-06-0355 |
Sumario: | Two-dimensional (2D) substrate rigidity promotes myosin II activity to increase traction force in a process negatively regulated by tropomyosin (Tpm) 2.1. We recently discovered that actomyosin contractility can increase intracellular pressure and switch tumor cells from low-pressure lamellipodia to high-pressure lobopodial protrusions during three-dimensional (3D) migration. However, it remains unclear whether these myosin II–generated cellular forces are produced simultaneously, and by the same molecular machinery. Here we identify Tpm 1.6 as a positive regulator of intracellular pressure and confirm that Tpm 2.1 is a negative regulator of traction force. We find that Tpm 1.6 and 2.1 can control intracellular pressure and traction independently, suggesting these myosin II–dependent forces are generated by distinct mechanisms. Further, these tropomyosin-regulated mechanisms can be integrated to control complex cell behaviors on 2D and in 3D environments. |
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