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The role of nonmuscle myosin 2A and 2B in the regulation of mesenchymal cell contact guidance
Contact guidance refers to the ability of cells to sense the geometrical features of the microenvironment and respond by changing their shape and adopting the appropriate orientation. Inhibition and ablation of nonmuscle myosin 2 (NM2) paralogues have demonstrated their importance for contact guidan...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society for Cell Biology
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6727766/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31318315 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E19-01-0071 |
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author | Zhovmer, Alexander S. Tabdanov, Erdem D. Miao, Houxun Wen, Han Chen, Jinqiu Luo, Xiaoling Ma, Xuefei Provenzano, Paolo P. Adelstein, Robert S. |
author_facet | Zhovmer, Alexander S. Tabdanov, Erdem D. Miao, Houxun Wen, Han Chen, Jinqiu Luo, Xiaoling Ma, Xuefei Provenzano, Paolo P. Adelstein, Robert S. |
author_sort | Zhovmer, Alexander S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Contact guidance refers to the ability of cells to sense the geometrical features of the microenvironment and respond by changing their shape and adopting the appropriate orientation. Inhibition and ablation of nonmuscle myosin 2 (NM2) paralogues have demonstrated their importance for contact guidance. However, the specific roles of the NM2 paralogues have not been systematically studied. In this work we use micropatterned substrates to examine the roles of NM2A and NM2B and to elucidate the relationship of the microenvironment, actomyosin, and microtubules in contact guidance. We show that contact guidance is preserved following loss of NM2B and that expression of NM2A alone is sufficient to establish an appropriate orientation of the cells. Loss of NM2B and overexpression of NM2A result in a prominent cell polarization that is found to be linked to the increased alignment of microtubules with the actomyosin scaffold. Suppression of actomyosin with blebbistatin reduces cell polarity on a flat surface, but not on a surface with contact guidance cues. This indicates that the lost microtubule–actomyosin interactions are compensated for by microtubule–microenvironment interactions, which are sufficient to establish cell polarity through contact guidance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6727766 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | The American Society for Cell Biology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67277662019-10-07 The role of nonmuscle myosin 2A and 2B in the regulation of mesenchymal cell contact guidance Zhovmer, Alexander S. Tabdanov, Erdem D. Miao, Houxun Wen, Han Chen, Jinqiu Luo, Xiaoling Ma, Xuefei Provenzano, Paolo P. Adelstein, Robert S. Mol Biol Cell Articles Contact guidance refers to the ability of cells to sense the geometrical features of the microenvironment and respond by changing their shape and adopting the appropriate orientation. Inhibition and ablation of nonmuscle myosin 2 (NM2) paralogues have demonstrated their importance for contact guidance. However, the specific roles of the NM2 paralogues have not been systematically studied. In this work we use micropatterned substrates to examine the roles of NM2A and NM2B and to elucidate the relationship of the microenvironment, actomyosin, and microtubules in contact guidance. We show that contact guidance is preserved following loss of NM2B and that expression of NM2A alone is sufficient to establish an appropriate orientation of the cells. Loss of NM2B and overexpression of NM2A result in a prominent cell polarization that is found to be linked to the increased alignment of microtubules with the actomyosin scaffold. Suppression of actomyosin with blebbistatin reduces cell polarity on a flat surface, but not on a surface with contact guidance cues. This indicates that the lost microtubule–actomyosin interactions are compensated for by microtubule–microenvironment interactions, which are sufficient to establish cell polarity through contact guidance. The American Society for Cell Biology 2019-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6727766/ /pubmed/31318315 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E19-01-0071 Text en © 2019 Zhovmer et al. “ASCB®,” “The American Society for Cell Biology®,” and “Molecular Biology of the Cell®” are registered trademarks of The American Society for Cell Biology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License. |
spellingShingle | Articles Zhovmer, Alexander S. Tabdanov, Erdem D. Miao, Houxun Wen, Han Chen, Jinqiu Luo, Xiaoling Ma, Xuefei Provenzano, Paolo P. Adelstein, Robert S. The role of nonmuscle myosin 2A and 2B in the regulation of mesenchymal cell contact guidance |
title | The role of nonmuscle myosin 2A and 2B in the regulation of mesenchymal cell contact guidance |
title_full | The role of nonmuscle myosin 2A and 2B in the regulation of mesenchymal cell contact guidance |
title_fullStr | The role of nonmuscle myosin 2A and 2B in the regulation of mesenchymal cell contact guidance |
title_full_unstemmed | The role of nonmuscle myosin 2A and 2B in the regulation of mesenchymal cell contact guidance |
title_short | The role of nonmuscle myosin 2A and 2B in the regulation of mesenchymal cell contact guidance |
title_sort | role of nonmuscle myosin 2a and 2b in the regulation of mesenchymal cell contact guidance |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6727766/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31318315 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E19-01-0071 |
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