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Comparison of Bleaching Products With Up to 6% and With More Than 6% Hydrogen Peroxide: Whitening Efficacy Using BI and WI(D) and Side Effects – An in vitro Study
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bleaching agents containing different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP) on color-change and on enamel-surface in bovine teeth. Furthermore the influence on cell viability and proliferation was investigated. Two hundred and forty teeth were r...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6728628/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31543822 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00919 |
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author | Lilaj, Bledar Dauti, Rinet Agis, Hermann Schmid-Schwap, Martina Franz, Alexander Kanz, Fabian Moritz, Andreas Schedle, Andreas Cvikl, Barbara |
author_facet | Lilaj, Bledar Dauti, Rinet Agis, Hermann Schmid-Schwap, Martina Franz, Alexander Kanz, Fabian Moritz, Andreas Schedle, Andreas Cvikl, Barbara |
author_sort | Lilaj, Bledar |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bleaching agents containing different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP) on color-change and on enamel-surface in bovine teeth. Furthermore the influence on cell viability and proliferation was investigated. Two hundred and forty teeth were randomly assigned into four groups (home bleaching ≤6%, in-office bleaching ≤6%, in-office bleaching > 6% HP, and control group). Bleaching was performed after artificial staining and the bleached index (BI) as well as the whiteness index (WI(D)) was measured at several time points. Chemical analysis for HP concentrations and the pH of the bleaching products was done. Furthermore, enamel surfaces of randomly selected specimens were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cytotoxicity of the tested bleaching products was evaluated in vitro using dental pulp cells (DPCs) and L929 cells. A statistically significant whitening effect was observed in almost all products. As expected all investigated products resulted in decreased cell viability, however, with different values of LC50 (median lethal concentration). SEM analysis showed an analog of enamel alterations with decreasing pH, increasing exposure time, and increasing HP concentration. Bleaching agents containing a low HP concentration are considered to be effective and to have less damaging effects on enamel and tested cells. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6728628 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67286282019-09-20 Comparison of Bleaching Products With Up to 6% and With More Than 6% Hydrogen Peroxide: Whitening Efficacy Using BI and WI(D) and Side Effects – An in vitro Study Lilaj, Bledar Dauti, Rinet Agis, Hermann Schmid-Schwap, Martina Franz, Alexander Kanz, Fabian Moritz, Andreas Schedle, Andreas Cvikl, Barbara Front Physiol Physiology The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bleaching agents containing different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP) on color-change and on enamel-surface in bovine teeth. Furthermore the influence on cell viability and proliferation was investigated. Two hundred and forty teeth were randomly assigned into four groups (home bleaching ≤6%, in-office bleaching ≤6%, in-office bleaching > 6% HP, and control group). Bleaching was performed after artificial staining and the bleached index (BI) as well as the whiteness index (WI(D)) was measured at several time points. Chemical analysis for HP concentrations and the pH of the bleaching products was done. Furthermore, enamel surfaces of randomly selected specimens were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cytotoxicity of the tested bleaching products was evaluated in vitro using dental pulp cells (DPCs) and L929 cells. A statistically significant whitening effect was observed in almost all products. As expected all investigated products resulted in decreased cell viability, however, with different values of LC50 (median lethal concentration). SEM analysis showed an analog of enamel alterations with decreasing pH, increasing exposure time, and increasing HP concentration. Bleaching agents containing a low HP concentration are considered to be effective and to have less damaging effects on enamel and tested cells. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-08-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6728628/ /pubmed/31543822 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00919 Text en Copyright © 2019 Lilaj, Dauti, Agis, Schmid-Schwap, Franz, Kanz, Moritz, Schedle and Cvikl. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Physiology Lilaj, Bledar Dauti, Rinet Agis, Hermann Schmid-Schwap, Martina Franz, Alexander Kanz, Fabian Moritz, Andreas Schedle, Andreas Cvikl, Barbara Comparison of Bleaching Products With Up to 6% and With More Than 6% Hydrogen Peroxide: Whitening Efficacy Using BI and WI(D) and Side Effects – An in vitro Study |
title | Comparison of Bleaching Products With Up to 6% and With More Than 6% Hydrogen Peroxide: Whitening Efficacy Using BI and WI(D) and Side Effects – An in vitro Study |
title_full | Comparison of Bleaching Products With Up to 6% and With More Than 6% Hydrogen Peroxide: Whitening Efficacy Using BI and WI(D) and Side Effects – An in vitro Study |
title_fullStr | Comparison of Bleaching Products With Up to 6% and With More Than 6% Hydrogen Peroxide: Whitening Efficacy Using BI and WI(D) and Side Effects – An in vitro Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Bleaching Products With Up to 6% and With More Than 6% Hydrogen Peroxide: Whitening Efficacy Using BI and WI(D) and Side Effects – An in vitro Study |
title_short | Comparison of Bleaching Products With Up to 6% and With More Than 6% Hydrogen Peroxide: Whitening Efficacy Using BI and WI(D) and Side Effects – An in vitro Study |
title_sort | comparison of bleaching products with up to 6% and with more than 6% hydrogen peroxide: whitening efficacy using bi and wi(d) and side effects – an in vitro study |
topic | Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6728628/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31543822 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00919 |
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