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A Case of Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia with t(3;13) and Central Nervous System Leukemia after Allogenic Cord Blood Transplantation

BACKGROUND: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a neoplastic cancer characterized by clonal expansion of leukemic cells in lymph organs and bone marrow. Lots of kinds of different chromosomal translocations can be found in those leukemic cells. However, the role of abnormal chromosomes and genes i...

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Autores principales: Li, Xiaofan, Hong, Yaqun, Huang, Jiafu, Li, Nainong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6728670/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32634197
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2155179019873850
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author Li, Xiaofan
Hong, Yaqun
Huang, Jiafu
Li, Nainong
author_facet Li, Xiaofan
Hong, Yaqun
Huang, Jiafu
Li, Nainong
author_sort Li, Xiaofan
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a neoplastic cancer characterized by clonal expansion of leukemic cells in lymph organs and bone marrow. Lots of kinds of different chromosomal translocations can be found in those leukemic cells. However, the role of abnormal chromosomes and genes in leukemogenesis is not yet fully understood. Identifying new chromosomal translocations can facilitate a better understanding of pathogenesis of this disease. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a rare case of acute lymphocytic leukaemia with t(3;13)(q29, q21). The patient was diagnosed pre-B-ALL with no abnormal chromosomal or gene fusion and achieved complete remission (CR) after induction chemotherapy; 10 months later, she relapsed in the consolidation, with cytogenetics tests showing 46, XX, t(3;13)(q29, q21). Given no CR after two chemotherapy regimens, the patient received salvage cord blood transplantation. Regular intrathecal methotrexate was applied to prevent central nervous system leukemia. Good graft versus leukemia was induced by daily injection of a low dose of IL-2 2 months post-transplantation. Minimal residual disease negativity was maintained until central nervous system (CNS) leukemia was found 8 months after transplantation. A whole exome sequencing was performed. Nine driver mutation genes and seven tumor genes were found. CONCLUSIONS: We highly suspect that the relapse in the CNS after transplantation is associated with a rare chromosomal translocation.
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spelling pubmed-67286702019-09-13 A Case of Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia with t(3;13) and Central Nervous System Leukemia after Allogenic Cord Blood Transplantation Li, Xiaofan Hong, Yaqun Huang, Jiafu Li, Nainong Cell Med Case Report BACKGROUND: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a neoplastic cancer characterized by clonal expansion of leukemic cells in lymph organs and bone marrow. Lots of kinds of different chromosomal translocations can be found in those leukemic cells. However, the role of abnormal chromosomes and genes in leukemogenesis is not yet fully understood. Identifying new chromosomal translocations can facilitate a better understanding of pathogenesis of this disease. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a rare case of acute lymphocytic leukaemia with t(3;13)(q29, q21). The patient was diagnosed pre-B-ALL with no abnormal chromosomal or gene fusion and achieved complete remission (CR) after induction chemotherapy; 10 months later, she relapsed in the consolidation, with cytogenetics tests showing 46, XX, t(3;13)(q29, q21). Given no CR after two chemotherapy regimens, the patient received salvage cord blood transplantation. Regular intrathecal methotrexate was applied to prevent central nervous system leukemia. Good graft versus leukemia was induced by daily injection of a low dose of IL-2 2 months post-transplantation. Minimal residual disease negativity was maintained until central nervous system (CNS) leukemia was found 8 months after transplantation. A whole exome sequencing was performed. Nine driver mutation genes and seven tumor genes were found. CONCLUSIONS: We highly suspect that the relapse in the CNS after transplantation is associated with a rare chromosomal translocation. SAGE Publications 2019-09-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6728670/ /pubmed/32634197 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2155179019873850 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Case Report
Li, Xiaofan
Hong, Yaqun
Huang, Jiafu
Li, Nainong
A Case of Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia with t(3;13) and Central Nervous System Leukemia after Allogenic Cord Blood Transplantation
title A Case of Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia with t(3;13) and Central Nervous System Leukemia after Allogenic Cord Blood Transplantation
title_full A Case of Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia with t(3;13) and Central Nervous System Leukemia after Allogenic Cord Blood Transplantation
title_fullStr A Case of Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia with t(3;13) and Central Nervous System Leukemia after Allogenic Cord Blood Transplantation
title_full_unstemmed A Case of Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia with t(3;13) and Central Nervous System Leukemia after Allogenic Cord Blood Transplantation
title_short A Case of Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia with t(3;13) and Central Nervous System Leukemia after Allogenic Cord Blood Transplantation
title_sort case of acute lymphocytic leukaemia with t(3;13) and central nervous system leukemia after allogenic cord blood transplantation
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6728670/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32634197
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2155179019873850
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