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Burden and determinants of malnutrition among pregnant women in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition in pregnancy remains unacceptably high across all regions of Africa though promising progresses have been made globally. Primary studies might not be sufficient to portrait a comprehensive picture of malnutrition during pregnancy and its main risk factors. Therefore, we inte...

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Autores principales: Desyibelew, Hanna Demelash, Dadi, Abel Fekadu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6730925/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31490956
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221712
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author Desyibelew, Hanna Demelash
Dadi, Abel Fekadu
author_facet Desyibelew, Hanna Demelash
Dadi, Abel Fekadu
author_sort Desyibelew, Hanna Demelash
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Malnutrition in pregnancy remains unacceptably high across all regions of Africa though promising progresses have been made globally. Primary studies might not be sufficient to portrait a comprehensive picture of malnutrition during pregnancy and its main risk factors. Therefore, we intended to review the burden of malnutrition, for this specific review implies to protein energy malnutrition, during pregnancy in Africa to present its magnitude and determinant factors. METHODS: We did a systematic review of observational studies published from January 1/2008 to January 31/2018. The CINAHL(EBSCO), MEDLINE (via Ovid), Emcare, PubMed databases and Google scholar were searched. Articles quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and studies with fair to good quality were included. We pooled malnutrition prevalence and an odds ratio estimates for risk factors after checking for heterogeneity and publication bias. This review has been registered in Prospero with a protocol number CRD42018114949. RESULT: 23 studies involving 20,672 pregnant women were included. Using a random effect model, the overall pooled prevalence of malnutrition among pregnant women in Africa was 23.5% (95%CI: 17.72–29.32; I(2) = 98.5%). Based on the current review pooled odds ratio finding; rural residency (POR = 2.6%; 95%CI: 1.48–4.65; I2 = 0%), low educational status of partners (POR = 1.7%; 95%CI: 1.19–2.53; I2 = 54.8%), multiple pregnancy (POR = 2.15%; 95%CI: 1.27–3.64; I2 = 0%) and poor nutritional indicators (POR = 2.03%; 95%CI: 1.72–2.4, I2 = 0%) were positively determine maternal malnutrition. On contrary, better household economic status (POR = 0.47%; 95%CI: 0.36–0.62; I2 = 24.2%) negatively determine maternal malnutrition. CONCLUSION: A significant number of the pregnant population in Africa are suffering of malnutrition, above 10% of the standard acceptable malnutrition rate. Thus, efforts should be renewed to ensure a proper and widespread implementation of programs that would address issues identified in the current review to reduce the burden of malnutrition.
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spelling pubmed-67309252019-09-16 Burden and determinants of malnutrition among pregnant women in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis Desyibelew, Hanna Demelash Dadi, Abel Fekadu PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Malnutrition in pregnancy remains unacceptably high across all regions of Africa though promising progresses have been made globally. Primary studies might not be sufficient to portrait a comprehensive picture of malnutrition during pregnancy and its main risk factors. Therefore, we intended to review the burden of malnutrition, for this specific review implies to protein energy malnutrition, during pregnancy in Africa to present its magnitude and determinant factors. METHODS: We did a systematic review of observational studies published from January 1/2008 to January 31/2018. The CINAHL(EBSCO), MEDLINE (via Ovid), Emcare, PubMed databases and Google scholar were searched. Articles quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and studies with fair to good quality were included. We pooled malnutrition prevalence and an odds ratio estimates for risk factors after checking for heterogeneity and publication bias. This review has been registered in Prospero with a protocol number CRD42018114949. RESULT: 23 studies involving 20,672 pregnant women were included. Using a random effect model, the overall pooled prevalence of malnutrition among pregnant women in Africa was 23.5% (95%CI: 17.72–29.32; I(2) = 98.5%). Based on the current review pooled odds ratio finding; rural residency (POR = 2.6%; 95%CI: 1.48–4.65; I2 = 0%), low educational status of partners (POR = 1.7%; 95%CI: 1.19–2.53; I2 = 54.8%), multiple pregnancy (POR = 2.15%; 95%CI: 1.27–3.64; I2 = 0%) and poor nutritional indicators (POR = 2.03%; 95%CI: 1.72–2.4, I2 = 0%) were positively determine maternal malnutrition. On contrary, better household economic status (POR = 0.47%; 95%CI: 0.36–0.62; I2 = 24.2%) negatively determine maternal malnutrition. CONCLUSION: A significant number of the pregnant population in Africa are suffering of malnutrition, above 10% of the standard acceptable malnutrition rate. Thus, efforts should be renewed to ensure a proper and widespread implementation of programs that would address issues identified in the current review to reduce the burden of malnutrition. Public Library of Science 2019-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6730925/ /pubmed/31490956 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221712 Text en © 2019 Desyibelew, Dadi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Desyibelew, Hanna Demelash
Dadi, Abel Fekadu
Burden and determinants of malnutrition among pregnant women in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title Burden and determinants of malnutrition among pregnant women in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Burden and determinants of malnutrition among pregnant women in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Burden and determinants of malnutrition among pregnant women in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Burden and determinants of malnutrition among pregnant women in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Burden and determinants of malnutrition among pregnant women in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort burden and determinants of malnutrition among pregnant women in africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6730925/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31490956
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221712
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