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Elbow Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Players: An Epidemiological Study Spanning 5 Academic Years
BACKGROUND: National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football players are at a high risk of injuries. Elbow injuries are uncommon, but there are insufficient data specifically on elbow injuries sustained in NCAA football players. PURPOSE: To define the epidemiology of elbow injuries in NCAA f...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6732864/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31523691 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119867411 |
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author | Christopher, Zachary K. Makovicka, Justin L. Scott, Kelly L. Hassebrock, Jeffrey D. Patel, Karan A. Chung, Andrew S. Tummala, Sailesh V. Hydrick, Thomas C. Ginn, Jessica Chhabra, Anikar |
author_facet | Christopher, Zachary K. Makovicka, Justin L. Scott, Kelly L. Hassebrock, Jeffrey D. Patel, Karan A. Chung, Andrew S. Tummala, Sailesh V. Hydrick, Thomas C. Ginn, Jessica Chhabra, Anikar |
author_sort | Christopher, Zachary K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football players are at a high risk of injuries. Elbow injuries are uncommon, but there are insufficient data specifically on elbow injuries sustained in NCAA football players. PURPOSE: To define the epidemiology of elbow injuries in NCAA football players during the 2009-2010 to 2013-2014 seasons using data from the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (NCAA-ISP). STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS: Using the NCAA-ISP database, a convenience sample of NCAA football athletes was reviewed to determine the types, rates, and trends in elbow injuries. Several factors were examined, including the diagnosis, injury setting, time lost from sport, surgical necessity, and injury recurrence. Raw injury data were obtained as well as weighted totals from the NCAA-ISP to generate national estimates and adjust for underreporting. Injury rates were calculated by dividing the number of injuries by the total number of athlete-exposures (AEs). The rate ratios of injuries during competition versus practice were compared, as were the rate ratios of preseason, regular-season, and postseason injuries by type. RESULTS: We identified 4874 total elbow injuries from the 2009-2010 to 2013-2014 seasons. The rate of injuries overall was 1.892 per 10,000 AEs. The rate for competition was 9.053 per 10,000 AEs and 1.121 per 10,000 AEs for practice. The rate ratio between competition and practice was 8.08 (95% CI, 6.04-10.80). Injury rates for the preseason, regular season, and postseason were 1.851, 1.936, and 1.406 per 10,000 AEs, respectively. Acute elbow instability was the most common injury type (65.43%). The most common mechanism was a contact injury (86.77%); 96.82% of injuries did not require surgery, and most elbow injuries required less than 24 hours of participation restriction (67.33%). CONCLUSION: Although elbow injuries in NCAA football players are uncommon, it is important to recognize and treat these injuries appropriately. Dislocations and ulnar collateral ligament injuries caused athletes to miss extended periods of play. Fortunately, a majority of injuries resulted in less than 24 hours of participation restriction. Particular attention should be given to preventing elbow injuries, especially ulnar collateral ligament strains, hyperextension injuries, and acute instability. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6732864 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67328642019-09-13 Elbow Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Players: An Epidemiological Study Spanning 5 Academic Years Christopher, Zachary K. Makovicka, Justin L. Scott, Kelly L. Hassebrock, Jeffrey D. Patel, Karan A. Chung, Andrew S. Tummala, Sailesh V. Hydrick, Thomas C. Ginn, Jessica Chhabra, Anikar Orthop J Sports Med Article BACKGROUND: National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football players are at a high risk of injuries. Elbow injuries are uncommon, but there are insufficient data specifically on elbow injuries sustained in NCAA football players. PURPOSE: To define the epidemiology of elbow injuries in NCAA football players during the 2009-2010 to 2013-2014 seasons using data from the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (NCAA-ISP). STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS: Using the NCAA-ISP database, a convenience sample of NCAA football athletes was reviewed to determine the types, rates, and trends in elbow injuries. Several factors were examined, including the diagnosis, injury setting, time lost from sport, surgical necessity, and injury recurrence. Raw injury data were obtained as well as weighted totals from the NCAA-ISP to generate national estimates and adjust for underreporting. Injury rates were calculated by dividing the number of injuries by the total number of athlete-exposures (AEs). The rate ratios of injuries during competition versus practice were compared, as were the rate ratios of preseason, regular-season, and postseason injuries by type. RESULTS: We identified 4874 total elbow injuries from the 2009-2010 to 2013-2014 seasons. The rate of injuries overall was 1.892 per 10,000 AEs. The rate for competition was 9.053 per 10,000 AEs and 1.121 per 10,000 AEs for practice. The rate ratio between competition and practice was 8.08 (95% CI, 6.04-10.80). Injury rates for the preseason, regular season, and postseason were 1.851, 1.936, and 1.406 per 10,000 AEs, respectively. Acute elbow instability was the most common injury type (65.43%). The most common mechanism was a contact injury (86.77%); 96.82% of injuries did not require surgery, and most elbow injuries required less than 24 hours of participation restriction (67.33%). CONCLUSION: Although elbow injuries in NCAA football players are uncommon, it is important to recognize and treat these injuries appropriately. Dislocations and ulnar collateral ligament injuries caused athletes to miss extended periods of play. Fortunately, a majority of injuries resulted in less than 24 hours of participation restriction. Particular attention should be given to preventing elbow injuries, especially ulnar collateral ligament strains, hyperextension injuries, and acute instability. SAGE Publications 2019-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6732864/ /pubmed/31523691 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119867411 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work as published without adaptation or alteration, without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Article Christopher, Zachary K. Makovicka, Justin L. Scott, Kelly L. Hassebrock, Jeffrey D. Patel, Karan A. Chung, Andrew S. Tummala, Sailesh V. Hydrick, Thomas C. Ginn, Jessica Chhabra, Anikar Elbow Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Players: An Epidemiological Study Spanning 5 Academic Years |
title | Elbow Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Football
Players: An Epidemiological Study Spanning 5 Academic Years |
title_full | Elbow Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Football
Players: An Epidemiological Study Spanning 5 Academic Years |
title_fullStr | Elbow Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Football
Players: An Epidemiological Study Spanning 5 Academic Years |
title_full_unstemmed | Elbow Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Football
Players: An Epidemiological Study Spanning 5 Academic Years |
title_short | Elbow Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Football
Players: An Epidemiological Study Spanning 5 Academic Years |
title_sort | elbow injuries in national collegiate athletic association football
players: an epidemiological study spanning 5 academic years |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6732864/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31523691 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119867411 |
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