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Morning plasma cortisol as a cardiovascular risk factor: findings from prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies

OBJECTIVE: The identification of new causal risk factors has the potential to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction and the development of new treatments to reduce CVD deaths. In the general population, we sought to determine whether cortisol is a causal risk factor for CVD and corona...

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Autores principales: Crawford, Andrew A, Soderberg, Stefan, Kirschbaum, Clemens, Murphy, Lee, Eliasson, Mats, Ebrahim, Shah, Davey Smith, George, Olsson, Tommy, Sattar, Naveed, Lawlor, Debbie A, Timpson, Nicolas J, Reynolds, Rebecca M, Walker, Brian R
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bioscientifica Ltd 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6733337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31325907
http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EJE-19-0161
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author Crawford, Andrew A
Soderberg, Stefan
Kirschbaum, Clemens
Murphy, Lee
Eliasson, Mats
Ebrahim, Shah
Davey Smith, George
Olsson, Tommy
Sattar, Naveed
Lawlor, Debbie A
Timpson, Nicolas J
Reynolds, Rebecca M
Walker, Brian R
author_facet Crawford, Andrew A
Soderberg, Stefan
Kirschbaum, Clemens
Murphy, Lee
Eliasson, Mats
Ebrahim, Shah
Davey Smith, George
Olsson, Tommy
Sattar, Naveed
Lawlor, Debbie A
Timpson, Nicolas J
Reynolds, Rebecca M
Walker, Brian R
author_sort Crawford, Andrew A
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: The identification of new causal risk factors has the potential to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction and the development of new treatments to reduce CVD deaths. In the general population, we sought to determine whether cortisol is a causal risk factor for CVD and coronary heart disease (CHD). DESIGN AND METHODS: Three approaches were adopted to investigate the association between cortisol and CVD/CHD. First, we used multivariable regression in two prospective nested case-control studies (total 798 participants, 313 incident CVD/CHD with complete data). Second, a random-effects meta-analysis of these data and previously published prospective associations was performed (total 6680 controls, 696 incident CVD/CHD). Finally, one- and two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were performed (122,737 CHD cases, 547,261 controls for two-sample analyses). RESULTS: In the two prospective nested case–control studies, logistic regression adjusting for sex, age, BMI, smoking and time of sampling, demonstrated a positive association between morning plasma cortisol and incident CVD (OR: 1.28 per 1 SD higher cortisol, 95% CI: 1.06–1.54). In the meta-analysis of prospective studies, the equivalent result was OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06–1.31. Results from the two-sample Mendelian randomization were consistent with these positive associations: OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.98–1.15. CONCLUSIONS: All three approaches demonstrated a positive association between morning plasma cortisol and incident CVD. Together, these findings suggest that elevated morning cortisol is a causal risk factor for CVD. The current data suggest strategies targeted at lowering cortisol action should be evaluated for their effects on CVD.
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spelling pubmed-67333372019-09-12 Morning plasma cortisol as a cardiovascular risk factor: findings from prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies Crawford, Andrew A Soderberg, Stefan Kirschbaum, Clemens Murphy, Lee Eliasson, Mats Ebrahim, Shah Davey Smith, George Olsson, Tommy Sattar, Naveed Lawlor, Debbie A Timpson, Nicolas J Reynolds, Rebecca M Walker, Brian R Eur J Endocrinol Clinical Study OBJECTIVE: The identification of new causal risk factors has the potential to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction and the development of new treatments to reduce CVD deaths. In the general population, we sought to determine whether cortisol is a causal risk factor for CVD and coronary heart disease (CHD). DESIGN AND METHODS: Three approaches were adopted to investigate the association between cortisol and CVD/CHD. First, we used multivariable regression in two prospective nested case-control studies (total 798 participants, 313 incident CVD/CHD with complete data). Second, a random-effects meta-analysis of these data and previously published prospective associations was performed (total 6680 controls, 696 incident CVD/CHD). Finally, one- and two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were performed (122,737 CHD cases, 547,261 controls for two-sample analyses). RESULTS: In the two prospective nested case–control studies, logistic regression adjusting for sex, age, BMI, smoking and time of sampling, demonstrated a positive association between morning plasma cortisol and incident CVD (OR: 1.28 per 1 SD higher cortisol, 95% CI: 1.06–1.54). In the meta-analysis of prospective studies, the equivalent result was OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06–1.31. Results from the two-sample Mendelian randomization were consistent with these positive associations: OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.98–1.15. CONCLUSIONS: All three approaches demonstrated a positive association between morning plasma cortisol and incident CVD. Together, these findings suggest that elevated morning cortisol is a causal risk factor for CVD. The current data suggest strategies targeted at lowering cortisol action should be evaluated for their effects on CVD. Bioscientifica Ltd 2019-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6733337/ /pubmed/31325907 http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EJE-19-0161 Text en © 2019 The authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Clinical Study
Crawford, Andrew A
Soderberg, Stefan
Kirschbaum, Clemens
Murphy, Lee
Eliasson, Mats
Ebrahim, Shah
Davey Smith, George
Olsson, Tommy
Sattar, Naveed
Lawlor, Debbie A
Timpson, Nicolas J
Reynolds, Rebecca M
Walker, Brian R
Morning plasma cortisol as a cardiovascular risk factor: findings from prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies
title Morning plasma cortisol as a cardiovascular risk factor: findings from prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies
title_full Morning plasma cortisol as a cardiovascular risk factor: findings from prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies
title_fullStr Morning plasma cortisol as a cardiovascular risk factor: findings from prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies
title_full_unstemmed Morning plasma cortisol as a cardiovascular risk factor: findings from prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies
title_short Morning plasma cortisol as a cardiovascular risk factor: findings from prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies
title_sort morning plasma cortisol as a cardiovascular risk factor: findings from prospective cohort and mendelian randomization studies
topic Clinical Study
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6733337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31325907
http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EJE-19-0161
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