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Emerging roles of metabolites of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids in the control of intestinal inflammation

The gastrointestinal tract is continuously exposed to the external environment, which contains numerous non-self antigens, including food materials and commensal micro-organisms. For the maintenance of mucosal homeostasis, the intestinal epithelial layer and mucosal immune system simultaneously prov...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Nagatake, Takahiro, Kunisawa, Jun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6736389/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30722032
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxy086
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author Nagatake, Takahiro
Kunisawa, Jun
author_facet Nagatake, Takahiro
Kunisawa, Jun
author_sort Nagatake, Takahiro
collection PubMed
description The gastrointestinal tract is continuously exposed to the external environment, which contains numerous non-self antigens, including food materials and commensal micro-organisms. For the maintenance of mucosal homeostasis, the intestinal epithelial layer and mucosal immune system simultaneously provide the first line of defense against pathogens and are tightly regulated to prevent their induction of inflammatory responses to non-pathogenic antigens. Defects in mucosal homeostasis lead to the development of inflammatory and associated intestinal diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, food allergy and colorectal cancer. The recent discovery of novel dietary ω3 and ω6 lipid-derived metabolites—such as resolvin, protectin, maresin, 17,18-epoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid and microbe-dependent 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid—and their potent biologic effects on the regulation of inflammation have initiated a new era of nutritional immunology. In this review, we update our understanding of the role of lipid metabolites in intestinal inflammation.
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spelling pubmed-67363892019-09-16 Emerging roles of metabolites of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids in the control of intestinal inflammation Nagatake, Takahiro Kunisawa, Jun Int Immunol Invited Reviews The gastrointestinal tract is continuously exposed to the external environment, which contains numerous non-self antigens, including food materials and commensal micro-organisms. For the maintenance of mucosal homeostasis, the intestinal epithelial layer and mucosal immune system simultaneously provide the first line of defense against pathogens and are tightly regulated to prevent their induction of inflammatory responses to non-pathogenic antigens. Defects in mucosal homeostasis lead to the development of inflammatory and associated intestinal diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, food allergy and colorectal cancer. The recent discovery of novel dietary ω3 and ω6 lipid-derived metabolites—such as resolvin, protectin, maresin, 17,18-epoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid and microbe-dependent 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid—and their potent biologic effects on the regulation of inflammation have initiated a new era of nutritional immunology. In this review, we update our understanding of the role of lipid metabolites in intestinal inflammation. Oxford University Press 2019-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6736389/ /pubmed/30722032 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxy086 Text en © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Society for Immunology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Invited Reviews
Nagatake, Takahiro
Kunisawa, Jun
Emerging roles of metabolites of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids in the control of intestinal inflammation
title Emerging roles of metabolites of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids in the control of intestinal inflammation
title_full Emerging roles of metabolites of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids in the control of intestinal inflammation
title_fullStr Emerging roles of metabolites of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids in the control of intestinal inflammation
title_full_unstemmed Emerging roles of metabolites of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids in the control of intestinal inflammation
title_short Emerging roles of metabolites of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids in the control of intestinal inflammation
title_sort emerging roles of metabolites of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids in the control of intestinal inflammation
topic Invited Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6736389/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30722032
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxy086
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