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Out-patient commitment order use in Norway: incidence and prevalence rates, duration and use of mental health services from the Norwegian Outpatient Commitment Study

BACKGROUND: Norway authorised out-patient commitment in 1961, but there is a lack of representative and complete data on the use of out-patient commitment orders. AIMS: To establish the incidence and prevalence rates on the use of out-patient commitment in Norway, and how these vary across service a...

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Autores principales: Riley, Henriette, Sharashova, Ekaterina, Rugkåsa, Jorun, Nyttingnes, Olav, Christensen, Tore Buer, Austegard, Ann-Torunn Andersen, Løvsletten, Maria, Lau, Bjørn, Høyer, Georg
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6737513/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31474238
http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2019.60
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author Riley, Henriette
Sharashova, Ekaterina
Rugkåsa, Jorun
Nyttingnes, Olav
Christensen, Tore Buer
Austegard, Ann-Torunn Andersen
Løvsletten, Maria
Lau, Bjørn
Høyer, Georg
author_facet Riley, Henriette
Sharashova, Ekaterina
Rugkåsa, Jorun
Nyttingnes, Olav
Christensen, Tore Buer
Austegard, Ann-Torunn Andersen
Løvsletten, Maria
Lau, Bjørn
Høyer, Georg
author_sort Riley, Henriette
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Norway authorised out-patient commitment in 1961, but there is a lack of representative and complete data on the use of out-patient commitment orders. AIMS: To establish the incidence and prevalence rates on the use of out-patient commitment in Norway, and how these vary across service areas. Further, to study variations in out-patient commitment across service areas, and use of in-patient services before and after implementation of out-patient commitment orders. Finally, to identify determinants for the duration of out-patient commitment orders and time to readmission. METHOD: Retrospective case register study based on medical files of all patients with an out-patient commitment order in 2008–2012 in six catchment areas in Norway, covering one-third of the Norwegian population aged 18 years or more. For a subsample of patients, we recorded use of in-patient care 3 years before and after their first-ever out-patient commitment. RESULTS: Annual incidence varied between 20.7 and 28.4, and prevalence between 36.5 and 48.9, per 100 000 population aged 18 years or above. Rates differed significantly between catchment areas. Mean out-patient commitment duration was 727 days (s.d. = 889). Use of in-patient care decreased significantly in the 3 years after out-patient commitment compared with the 3 years before. Use of antipsychotic medication through the whole out-patient commitment period and fewer in-patient episodes in the 3 years before out-patient commitment predicted longer time to readmission. CONCLUSIONS: Mechanisms behind the pronounced variations in use of out-patient commitment between sites call for further studies. Use of in-patient care was significantly reduced in the 3 years after a first-ever out-patient commitment order was made. DECLARATION OF INTEREST: None.
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spelling pubmed-67375132019-09-17 Out-patient commitment order use in Norway: incidence and prevalence rates, duration and use of mental health services from the Norwegian Outpatient Commitment Study Riley, Henriette Sharashova, Ekaterina Rugkåsa, Jorun Nyttingnes, Olav Christensen, Tore Buer Austegard, Ann-Torunn Andersen Løvsletten, Maria Lau, Bjørn Høyer, Georg BJPsych Open Papers BACKGROUND: Norway authorised out-patient commitment in 1961, but there is a lack of representative and complete data on the use of out-patient commitment orders. AIMS: To establish the incidence and prevalence rates on the use of out-patient commitment in Norway, and how these vary across service areas. Further, to study variations in out-patient commitment across service areas, and use of in-patient services before and after implementation of out-patient commitment orders. Finally, to identify determinants for the duration of out-patient commitment orders and time to readmission. METHOD: Retrospective case register study based on medical files of all patients with an out-patient commitment order in 2008–2012 in six catchment areas in Norway, covering one-third of the Norwegian population aged 18 years or more. For a subsample of patients, we recorded use of in-patient care 3 years before and after their first-ever out-patient commitment. RESULTS: Annual incidence varied between 20.7 and 28.4, and prevalence between 36.5 and 48.9, per 100 000 population aged 18 years or above. Rates differed significantly between catchment areas. Mean out-patient commitment duration was 727 days (s.d. = 889). Use of in-patient care decreased significantly in the 3 years after out-patient commitment compared with the 3 years before. Use of antipsychotic medication through the whole out-patient commitment period and fewer in-patient episodes in the 3 years before out-patient commitment predicted longer time to readmission. CONCLUSIONS: Mechanisms behind the pronounced variations in use of out-patient commitment between sites call for further studies. Use of in-patient care was significantly reduced in the 3 years after a first-ever out-patient commitment order was made. DECLARATION OF INTEREST: None. Cambridge University Press 2019-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6737513/ /pubmed/31474238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2019.60 Text en © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2019 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Papers
Riley, Henriette
Sharashova, Ekaterina
Rugkåsa, Jorun
Nyttingnes, Olav
Christensen, Tore Buer
Austegard, Ann-Torunn Andersen
Løvsletten, Maria
Lau, Bjørn
Høyer, Georg
Out-patient commitment order use in Norway: incidence and prevalence rates, duration and use of mental health services from the Norwegian Outpatient Commitment Study
title Out-patient commitment order use in Norway: incidence and prevalence rates, duration and use of mental health services from the Norwegian Outpatient Commitment Study
title_full Out-patient commitment order use in Norway: incidence and prevalence rates, duration and use of mental health services from the Norwegian Outpatient Commitment Study
title_fullStr Out-patient commitment order use in Norway: incidence and prevalence rates, duration and use of mental health services from the Norwegian Outpatient Commitment Study
title_full_unstemmed Out-patient commitment order use in Norway: incidence and prevalence rates, duration and use of mental health services from the Norwegian Outpatient Commitment Study
title_short Out-patient commitment order use in Norway: incidence and prevalence rates, duration and use of mental health services from the Norwegian Outpatient Commitment Study
title_sort out-patient commitment order use in norway: incidence and prevalence rates, duration and use of mental health services from the norwegian outpatient commitment study
topic Papers
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6737513/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31474238
http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2019.60
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