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Molecular identification and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in zebu and taurine cattle in North Cameroon

BACKGROUND: Public interest for tick-borne pathogens in cattle livestock is rising due to their veterinary and zoonotic importance. Consequently, correct identification of these potential pathogens is crucial to estimate the level of exposition, the risk and the detrimental impact on livestock and t...

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Autores principales: Abanda, Babette, Paguem, Archile, Abdoulmoumini, Mamoudou, Kingsley, Manchang Tanyi, Renz, Alfons, Eisenbarth, Albert
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6737592/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31511038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3699-x
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author Abanda, Babette
Paguem, Archile
Abdoulmoumini, Mamoudou
Kingsley, Manchang Tanyi
Renz, Alfons
Eisenbarth, Albert
author_facet Abanda, Babette
Paguem, Archile
Abdoulmoumini, Mamoudou
Kingsley, Manchang Tanyi
Renz, Alfons
Eisenbarth, Albert
author_sort Abanda, Babette
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Public interest for tick-borne pathogens in cattle livestock is rising due to their veterinary and zoonotic importance. Consequently, correct identification of these potential pathogens is crucial to estimate the level of exposition, the risk and the detrimental impact on livestock and the human population. RESULTS: Conventional PCR with generic primers was used to identify groups of tick-borne pathogens in cattle breeds from northern Cameroon. The overall prevalence in 1260 blood samples was 89.1%, with 993 (78.8%) positive for Theileria/Babesia spp., 959 (76.1%) for Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp., 225 (17.9%) for Borrelia spp., and 180 (14.3%) for Rickettsia spp. Sanger sequencing of a subset of positively-tested samples revealed the presence of Theileria mutans (92.2%, 130/141), T. velifera (16.3%, 23/141), Anaplasma centrale (10.9%, 15/137), A. marginale (30.7%, 42/137), A. platys (51.1%, 70/137), Anaplasma sp. ‘Hadesa’ (10.9%, 15/137), Ehrlichia ruminantium (0.7%, 1/137), E. canis (0.7%, 1/137), Borrelia theileri (91.3%, 42/46), Rickettsia africae (59.4%, 19/32) and R. felis (12.5%, 4/32). A high level of both intra- and inter-generic co-infections (76.0%) was observed. To the best of our knowledge, B. theileri, T. mutans, T. velifera, A. platys, Anaplasma sp. ‘Hadesa’, R. felis and E. canis are reported for the first time in cattle from Cameroon, and for R. felis it is the first discovery in the cattle host. Babesia spp. were not detected by sequencing. The highest number of still identifiable species co-infections was up to four pathogens per genus group. Multifactorial analyses revealed a significant association of infection with Borrelia theileri and anemia. Whereas animals of older age had a higher risk of infection, the Gudali cattle had a lower risk compared to the other local breeds. CONCLUSION: Co-infections of tick-borne pathogens with an overall high prevalence were found in all five study sites, and were more likely to occur than single infections. Fulani, Namchi and Kapsiki were the most infected breed in general; however, with regions as significant risk factor. A better-adapted approach for tick-borne pathogen identification in co-infected samples is a requirement for epidemiological investigations and tailored control measures.
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spelling pubmed-67375922019-09-16 Molecular identification and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in zebu and taurine cattle in North Cameroon Abanda, Babette Paguem, Archile Abdoulmoumini, Mamoudou Kingsley, Manchang Tanyi Renz, Alfons Eisenbarth, Albert Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Public interest for tick-borne pathogens in cattle livestock is rising due to their veterinary and zoonotic importance. Consequently, correct identification of these potential pathogens is crucial to estimate the level of exposition, the risk and the detrimental impact on livestock and the human population. RESULTS: Conventional PCR with generic primers was used to identify groups of tick-borne pathogens in cattle breeds from northern Cameroon. The overall prevalence in 1260 blood samples was 89.1%, with 993 (78.8%) positive for Theileria/Babesia spp., 959 (76.1%) for Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp., 225 (17.9%) for Borrelia spp., and 180 (14.3%) for Rickettsia spp. Sanger sequencing of a subset of positively-tested samples revealed the presence of Theileria mutans (92.2%, 130/141), T. velifera (16.3%, 23/141), Anaplasma centrale (10.9%, 15/137), A. marginale (30.7%, 42/137), A. platys (51.1%, 70/137), Anaplasma sp. ‘Hadesa’ (10.9%, 15/137), Ehrlichia ruminantium (0.7%, 1/137), E. canis (0.7%, 1/137), Borrelia theileri (91.3%, 42/46), Rickettsia africae (59.4%, 19/32) and R. felis (12.5%, 4/32). A high level of both intra- and inter-generic co-infections (76.0%) was observed. To the best of our knowledge, B. theileri, T. mutans, T. velifera, A. platys, Anaplasma sp. ‘Hadesa’, R. felis and E. canis are reported for the first time in cattle from Cameroon, and for R. felis it is the first discovery in the cattle host. Babesia spp. were not detected by sequencing. The highest number of still identifiable species co-infections was up to four pathogens per genus group. Multifactorial analyses revealed a significant association of infection with Borrelia theileri and anemia. Whereas animals of older age had a higher risk of infection, the Gudali cattle had a lower risk compared to the other local breeds. CONCLUSION: Co-infections of tick-borne pathogens with an overall high prevalence were found in all five study sites, and were more likely to occur than single infections. Fulani, Namchi and Kapsiki were the most infected breed in general; however, with regions as significant risk factor. A better-adapted approach for tick-borne pathogen identification in co-infected samples is a requirement for epidemiological investigations and tailored control measures. BioMed Central 2019-09-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6737592/ /pubmed/31511038 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3699-x Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Abanda, Babette
Paguem, Archile
Abdoulmoumini, Mamoudou
Kingsley, Manchang Tanyi
Renz, Alfons
Eisenbarth, Albert
Molecular identification and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in zebu and taurine cattle in North Cameroon
title Molecular identification and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in zebu and taurine cattle in North Cameroon
title_full Molecular identification and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in zebu and taurine cattle in North Cameroon
title_fullStr Molecular identification and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in zebu and taurine cattle in North Cameroon
title_full_unstemmed Molecular identification and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in zebu and taurine cattle in North Cameroon
title_short Molecular identification and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in zebu and taurine cattle in North Cameroon
title_sort molecular identification and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in zebu and taurine cattle in north cameroon
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6737592/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31511038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3699-x
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