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Efficacy of Trauma Catheter and Mushroom Tip Catheter in Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Complications of Drain Placement

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and complications of trauma catheter versus mushroom tip catheter placement in the evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma via twist drill craniostomy with closed system drainage. Background Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is one of the mos...

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Autores principales: Toor, Harjyot, Bowen, Ira, Zampella, Bailey, Majeed, Gohar, Elia, Christopher, Berry, James A, Lawandy, Shokry, Menoni, Rosalinda, Miulli, Dan E
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6741381/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31523554
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.5123
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author Toor, Harjyot
Bowen, Ira
Zampella, Bailey
Majeed, Gohar
Elia, Christopher
Berry, James A
Lawandy, Shokry
Menoni, Rosalinda
Miulli, Dan E
author_facet Toor, Harjyot
Bowen, Ira
Zampella, Bailey
Majeed, Gohar
Elia, Christopher
Berry, James A
Lawandy, Shokry
Menoni, Rosalinda
Miulli, Dan E
author_sort Toor, Harjyot
collection PubMed
description Objective The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and complications of trauma catheter versus mushroom tip catheter placement in the evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma via twist drill craniostomy with closed system drainage. Background Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is one of the most frequent neurosurgical pathologies in patients >70 years of age with an estimated incidence of 8.2 per 100,000 people per year. The most common risk factors for cSDH are advanced age, alcohol abuse, seizures, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts, coagulopathies, blood thinners, and patients at risk for falling. Twist drill craniostomy can be performed at the bedside under local anesthesia, making it an attractive treatment option, especially in poly-morbid patients who are poor surgical candidates. A closed drainage system is placed at the time of surgery to allow continuous drainage and promote postoperative brain expansion. Despite the increasing prevalence, limited literature exists to guide surgical management, particularly in terms of drain management and selection of catheter.  Methods This is a retrospective review of 205 patients from January 2007 to May 2017 at two-level high volume centers for the evaluation and treatment of cSDH. Inclusion criteria include patients >18 years of age with the radiographic presence of a subdural hematoma for greater than three weeks. All patients were managed with either a trauma catheter or mushroom tip catheter. All patients received computed tomography (CT) of the head without contrast prior to subdural drain placement and within 24 hours after subdural drain removal. Exclusion criteria include patients <18 years of age and patients with depressed skull fractures, vascular malformations, subdural empyema, subdural hygroma, or who initially underwent open craniotomy or burr-hole craniotomy. Results Drain efficiency in evacuating the cSDH was assessed using both radiographic and clinical markers. Analysis of 205 patients treated by twist drill craniostomy and the subsequent closed system drainage utilizing either the mushroom tip catheter or trauma catheter revealed that neither catheter was superior in producing a statistically significant change in the maximum thickness of the cSDH (p = 0.35) and midline shift (p = 0.45). Furthermore, when assessing patients clinically via utilization of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), both the trauma catheter and the mushroom catheter did not show a statistically significant difference in improving GCS after the evacuation of the cSDH (p = 0.35). Neither catheter was associated with an increased incidence of hemorrhage with drain placement requiring open surgery (p = 0.12), need for additional drain placement (p = 0.13) or decline in GCS with intervention (p = 0.065). Conclusion Analysis of the 205 patients treated by twist drill craniostomy with closed system drainage for the evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma utilizing either the mushroom tip or trauma catheters revealed that neither catheter was statistically significant in radiographic or clinical improvement in evacuating cSDH. Furthermore, neither catheter was found to be associated with an increased complication risk.
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spelling pubmed-67413812019-09-15 Efficacy of Trauma Catheter and Mushroom Tip Catheter in Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Complications of Drain Placement Toor, Harjyot Bowen, Ira Zampella, Bailey Majeed, Gohar Elia, Christopher Berry, James A Lawandy, Shokry Menoni, Rosalinda Miulli, Dan E Cureus Neurosurgery Objective The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and complications of trauma catheter versus mushroom tip catheter placement in the evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma via twist drill craniostomy with closed system drainage. Background Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is one of the most frequent neurosurgical pathologies in patients >70 years of age with an estimated incidence of 8.2 per 100,000 people per year. The most common risk factors for cSDH are advanced age, alcohol abuse, seizures, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts, coagulopathies, blood thinners, and patients at risk for falling. Twist drill craniostomy can be performed at the bedside under local anesthesia, making it an attractive treatment option, especially in poly-morbid patients who are poor surgical candidates. A closed drainage system is placed at the time of surgery to allow continuous drainage and promote postoperative brain expansion. Despite the increasing prevalence, limited literature exists to guide surgical management, particularly in terms of drain management and selection of catheter.  Methods This is a retrospective review of 205 patients from January 2007 to May 2017 at two-level high volume centers for the evaluation and treatment of cSDH. Inclusion criteria include patients >18 years of age with the radiographic presence of a subdural hematoma for greater than three weeks. All patients were managed with either a trauma catheter or mushroom tip catheter. All patients received computed tomography (CT) of the head without contrast prior to subdural drain placement and within 24 hours after subdural drain removal. Exclusion criteria include patients <18 years of age and patients with depressed skull fractures, vascular malformations, subdural empyema, subdural hygroma, or who initially underwent open craniotomy or burr-hole craniotomy. Results Drain efficiency in evacuating the cSDH was assessed using both radiographic and clinical markers. Analysis of 205 patients treated by twist drill craniostomy and the subsequent closed system drainage utilizing either the mushroom tip catheter or trauma catheter revealed that neither catheter was superior in producing a statistically significant change in the maximum thickness of the cSDH (p = 0.35) and midline shift (p = 0.45). Furthermore, when assessing patients clinically via utilization of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), both the trauma catheter and the mushroom catheter did not show a statistically significant difference in improving GCS after the evacuation of the cSDH (p = 0.35). Neither catheter was associated with an increased incidence of hemorrhage with drain placement requiring open surgery (p = 0.12), need for additional drain placement (p = 0.13) or decline in GCS with intervention (p = 0.065). Conclusion Analysis of the 205 patients treated by twist drill craniostomy with closed system drainage for the evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma utilizing either the mushroom tip or trauma catheters revealed that neither catheter was statistically significant in radiographic or clinical improvement in evacuating cSDH. Furthermore, neither catheter was found to be associated with an increased complication risk. Cureus 2019-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6741381/ /pubmed/31523554 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.5123 Text en Copyright © 2019, Toor et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Neurosurgery
Toor, Harjyot
Bowen, Ira
Zampella, Bailey
Majeed, Gohar
Elia, Christopher
Berry, James A
Lawandy, Shokry
Menoni, Rosalinda
Miulli, Dan E
Efficacy of Trauma Catheter and Mushroom Tip Catheter in Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Complications of Drain Placement
title Efficacy of Trauma Catheter and Mushroom Tip Catheter in Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Complications of Drain Placement
title_full Efficacy of Trauma Catheter and Mushroom Tip Catheter in Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Complications of Drain Placement
title_fullStr Efficacy of Trauma Catheter and Mushroom Tip Catheter in Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Complications of Drain Placement
title_full_unstemmed Efficacy of Trauma Catheter and Mushroom Tip Catheter in Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Complications of Drain Placement
title_short Efficacy of Trauma Catheter and Mushroom Tip Catheter in Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Complications of Drain Placement
title_sort efficacy of trauma catheter and mushroom tip catheter in evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma and complications of drain placement
topic Neurosurgery
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6741381/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31523554
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.5123
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