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Biomedical Implications of Autophagy in Macromolecule Storage Disorders

An imbalance between the production and clearance of macromolecules such as proteins, lipids and carbohydrates can lead to a category of diseases broadly known as macromolecule storage disorders. These include, but not limited to, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Hunti...

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Autores principales: Palhegyi, Adina Maria, Seranova, Elena, Dimova, Simona, Hoque, Sheabul, Sarkar, Sovan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6742707/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31555645
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2019.00179
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author Palhegyi, Adina Maria
Seranova, Elena
Dimova, Simona
Hoque, Sheabul
Sarkar, Sovan
author_facet Palhegyi, Adina Maria
Seranova, Elena
Dimova, Simona
Hoque, Sheabul
Sarkar, Sovan
author_sort Palhegyi, Adina Maria
collection PubMed
description An imbalance between the production and clearance of macromolecules such as proteins, lipids and carbohydrates can lead to a category of diseases broadly known as macromolecule storage disorders. These include, but not limited to, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease associated with accumulation of aggregation-prone proteins, Lafora and Pompe disease associated with glycogen accumulation, whilst lipid accumulation is characteristic to Niemann-Pick disease and Gaucher disease. One of the underlying factors contributing to the build-up of macromolecules in these storage disorders is the intracellular degradation pathway called autophagy. This process is the primary clearance route for unwanted macromolecules, either via bulk non-selective degradation, or selectively via aggrephagy, glycophagy and lipophagy. Since autophagy plays a vital role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, cell viability and human health, malfunction of this process could be detrimental. Indeed, defective autophagy has been reported in a number of macromolecule storage disorders where autophagy is impaired at distinct stages, such as at the level of autophagosome formation, autophagosome maturation or improper lysosomal degradation of the autophagic cargo. Of biomedical relevance, autophagy is regulated by multiple signaling pathways that are amenable to chemical perturbations by small molecules. Induction of autophagy has been shown to improve cell viability and exert beneficial effects in experimental models of various macromolecule storage disorders where the lysosomal functionality is not overtly compromised. In this review, we will discuss the role of autophagy in certain macromolecule storage disorders and highlight the potential therapeutic benefits of autophagy enhancers in these pathological conditions.
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spelling pubmed-67427072019-09-25 Biomedical Implications of Autophagy in Macromolecule Storage Disorders Palhegyi, Adina Maria Seranova, Elena Dimova, Simona Hoque, Sheabul Sarkar, Sovan Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology An imbalance between the production and clearance of macromolecules such as proteins, lipids and carbohydrates can lead to a category of diseases broadly known as macromolecule storage disorders. These include, but not limited to, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease associated with accumulation of aggregation-prone proteins, Lafora and Pompe disease associated with glycogen accumulation, whilst lipid accumulation is characteristic to Niemann-Pick disease and Gaucher disease. One of the underlying factors contributing to the build-up of macromolecules in these storage disorders is the intracellular degradation pathway called autophagy. This process is the primary clearance route for unwanted macromolecules, either via bulk non-selective degradation, or selectively via aggrephagy, glycophagy and lipophagy. Since autophagy plays a vital role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, cell viability and human health, malfunction of this process could be detrimental. Indeed, defective autophagy has been reported in a number of macromolecule storage disorders where autophagy is impaired at distinct stages, such as at the level of autophagosome formation, autophagosome maturation or improper lysosomal degradation of the autophagic cargo. Of biomedical relevance, autophagy is regulated by multiple signaling pathways that are amenable to chemical perturbations by small molecules. Induction of autophagy has been shown to improve cell viability and exert beneficial effects in experimental models of various macromolecule storage disorders where the lysosomal functionality is not overtly compromised. In this review, we will discuss the role of autophagy in certain macromolecule storage disorders and highlight the potential therapeutic benefits of autophagy enhancers in these pathological conditions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6742707/ /pubmed/31555645 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2019.00179 Text en Copyright © 2019 Palhegyi, Seranova, Dimova, Hoque and Sarkar. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Palhegyi, Adina Maria
Seranova, Elena
Dimova, Simona
Hoque, Sheabul
Sarkar, Sovan
Biomedical Implications of Autophagy in Macromolecule Storage Disorders
title Biomedical Implications of Autophagy in Macromolecule Storage Disorders
title_full Biomedical Implications of Autophagy in Macromolecule Storage Disorders
title_fullStr Biomedical Implications of Autophagy in Macromolecule Storage Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Biomedical Implications of Autophagy in Macromolecule Storage Disorders
title_short Biomedical Implications of Autophagy in Macromolecule Storage Disorders
title_sort biomedical implications of autophagy in macromolecule storage disorders
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6742707/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31555645
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2019.00179
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