α-Pinene Induces Apoptotic Cell Death via Caspase Activation in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells

BACKGROUND: The plant-derived terpenoid, α-pinene is a bicyclic monoterpene potentially useful for the treatment of various diseases which also includes cancer and its types. The present investigation is about finding the anticancer activity of the α-pinene extracted from the leaves of Boswellia dalzielii over the PA-1 cancer cells of the human ovary. MATERIAL/METHODS: The cytotoxic activity of the α-pinene was evaluated using MTT and LDH assays which indicated that α-pinene could induce cytotoxicity in cancer-causing cells in the ovary. The consequences of α-pinene on the cell sequence regulation were determined by the staining technique using propidium iodide (PI) followed with flow cytometry. RESULTS: The cell cycle distribution analysis showed that α-pinene inhibit the cycle progression from G(2) to M phase. In addition, apoptosis analysis is done through the double staining investigation using Annexin V-FITC/PI to analyze the controlled growth of α-pinene which is associated with the apoptosis. Caspase-3 a crucial enzyme involved in apoptosis was markedly increased in the α-pinene treated PA-1 cells. The apoptosis results reveal, that the cancer cells at the human ovary with α-pinene induces the significant populations of apoptotic cells. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, α-pinene may exert anticancer effects in PA-1 cells by promoting cytotoxicity, suppression of cell sequence progression along with the programmed cell death.