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Dietary Predictors of Phthalate and Bisphenol Exposures in Pregnant Women

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can disrupt fetal developmental processes during pregnancy, leading to long-term adverse outcomes in humans. A major source of exposure to EDCs, such as phthalates and bisphenols, is the food supply, primarily due to contamination from processing and packaging....

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Autores principales: Pacyga, Diana C, Sathyanarayana, Sheela, Strakovsky, Rita S
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6743849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31144713
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz029
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author Pacyga, Diana C
Sathyanarayana, Sheela
Strakovsky, Rita S
author_facet Pacyga, Diana C
Sathyanarayana, Sheela
Strakovsky, Rita S
author_sort Pacyga, Diana C
collection PubMed
description Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can disrupt fetal developmental processes during pregnancy, leading to long-term adverse outcomes in humans. A major source of exposure to EDCs, such as phthalates and bisphenols, is the food supply, primarily due to contamination from processing and packaging. Therefore, this review aimed to 1) review food-monitoring sources of phthalates and bisphenols, and 2) evaluate methodologies and provide future directions needed to establish EDC-limiting dietary recommendations in pregnancy. Using PubMed, 10 peer-reviewed studies were found on dietary predictors of EDC exposure in pregnancy, and all were selected for review. Use of plastic containers in pregnancy was associated with higher urinary phthalate metabolites, whereas canned food consumption was associated with higher urinary bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations. Foods and dietary patterns associated with healthier food choices (e.g., organic/grown/raised/caught foods, folic acid supplements, vegetarianism) were generally associated with lower urinary phthalate metabolite and BPA concentrations. Despite the many food-monitoring studies reporting high BPA and phthalate concentrations in various foods, the designs of most studies described here were not sufficiently robust to consistently detect associations of specific foods/food groups with phthalates and BPA. Given the limitations of currently available research, future studies should incorporate more valid questionnaires to accurately assess dietary EDC exposure, strive for concurrent diet and exposure assessment, and assess whether geographical and cultural differences modify associations of diet with gestational EDC exposures. Such progress will be critical for developing dietary recommendations that ensure the safety and health of pregnant women.
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spelling pubmed-67438492019-09-20 Dietary Predictors of Phthalate and Bisphenol Exposures in Pregnant Women Pacyga, Diana C Sathyanarayana, Sheela Strakovsky, Rita S Adv Nutr Review Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can disrupt fetal developmental processes during pregnancy, leading to long-term adverse outcomes in humans. A major source of exposure to EDCs, such as phthalates and bisphenols, is the food supply, primarily due to contamination from processing and packaging. Therefore, this review aimed to 1) review food-monitoring sources of phthalates and bisphenols, and 2) evaluate methodologies and provide future directions needed to establish EDC-limiting dietary recommendations in pregnancy. Using PubMed, 10 peer-reviewed studies were found on dietary predictors of EDC exposure in pregnancy, and all were selected for review. Use of plastic containers in pregnancy was associated with higher urinary phthalate metabolites, whereas canned food consumption was associated with higher urinary bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations. Foods and dietary patterns associated with healthier food choices (e.g., organic/grown/raised/caught foods, folic acid supplements, vegetarianism) were generally associated with lower urinary phthalate metabolite and BPA concentrations. Despite the many food-monitoring studies reporting high BPA and phthalate concentrations in various foods, the designs of most studies described here were not sufficiently robust to consistently detect associations of specific foods/food groups with phthalates and BPA. Given the limitations of currently available research, future studies should incorporate more valid questionnaires to accurately assess dietary EDC exposure, strive for concurrent diet and exposure assessment, and assess whether geographical and cultural differences modify associations of diet with gestational EDC exposures. Such progress will be critical for developing dietary recommendations that ensure the safety and health of pregnant women. Oxford University Press 2019-09 2019-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6743849/ /pubmed/31144713 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz029 Text en Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Review
Pacyga, Diana C
Sathyanarayana, Sheela
Strakovsky, Rita S
Dietary Predictors of Phthalate and Bisphenol Exposures in Pregnant Women
title Dietary Predictors of Phthalate and Bisphenol Exposures in Pregnant Women
title_full Dietary Predictors of Phthalate and Bisphenol Exposures in Pregnant Women
title_fullStr Dietary Predictors of Phthalate and Bisphenol Exposures in Pregnant Women
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Predictors of Phthalate and Bisphenol Exposures in Pregnant Women
title_short Dietary Predictors of Phthalate and Bisphenol Exposures in Pregnant Women
title_sort dietary predictors of phthalate and bisphenol exposures in pregnant women
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6743849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31144713
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz029
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