Increased coagulation factor XIII activity but not genetic variants of coagulation factors is associated with myocardial infarction in young patients

The aim of the study was to investigate the possible role of coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) plasma activity and its gene (F13A1) Val34Leu variant as well as thrombospondin-2 gene (THBS2) T/G 3′UTR and thrombospondin-4 gene (THBS4) Ala387Pro variants in the development of myocardial infarction (MI) in young patients. The studied group consisted of 158 patients aged < 50 years with MI, and the control groups consisted of 150 healthy people aged < 50 years and 202 patients suffering from MI aged ≥ 50 years. Factor XIII activity was measured by photometric assay; genetic variants were determined using the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. FXIII activity was significantly higher in the young MI group compared with young healthy controls and the MI ≥ 50 group (126.2 U/dl vs. 109.6 U/dl, p < 0.0001; 126.2 U/dl vs. 119.8 U/dl, p = 0.01, respectively). FXIII activity did not correlate with F13A1 gene variants. F13A1, THBS2 and THBS4 genotypes were equally distributed in all studied groups. There was also no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of the extended CC/TT/GG haplotype of F13A1/THBS2/THBS4 variants between the young MI group and the young healthy control group and between the young MI group and the MI aged ≥ 50 group. In conclusion, our study revealed that increased FXIII activity is associated with an increased risk of MI in young patients. None of studied single genetic variants—F13A1 Val34Leu, THBS2 T/G 3′UTR and THBS4 Ala387Pro—and the extended CC/TT/GG haplotype of F13A1/THBS2/THBS4 genes was associated with MI in young age.