In-Vivo Retention of 5-Fluorouracil Using (19)F Magnetic Resonance Chemical Shift Imaging in Colorectal Cancer in a Murine Model

Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most commonly used chemotherapies for treatment of solid tumours, including colorectal cancer. The efficacy of treatment is dependent on tumour type and can only be determined six weeks after beginning chemotherapy, with only 40–50% of patients responding positively to the 5-FU therapy. In this paper, we demonstrate the potential of using Magnetic Resonance (MR) Chemical Shift Imaging (CSI) for in-vivo monitoring of 5-FU tumor-retention in two different colorectal tumour types (HT-29 & H-508). Time curves for 5-FU signals from the liver and bladder were also acquired. We observed significant differences (p < 0.01) in 5-FU signal time dependencies for the HT-29 and H-508 tumours. Retention of 5-FU occurred in the H-508 tumour, whereas the HT-29 tumour is not expected to retain 5FU due to the observation of the negative b time constant indicating a decline in 5FU within the tumour. This study successfully demonstrates that CSI may be a useful tool for early identification of 5-FU responsive tumours based on observed tumour retention of the 5-FU.