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Transcriptional regulation of stilbene synthases in grapevine germplasm differentially susceptible to downy mildew

BACKGROUND: To limit the impact of the downy mildew disease of grapevine and reduce the need to recur to chemical treatments, an effective strategy might be recovering adaptive resistance traits in both cultivated and wild V. vinifera germplasm. Considering that stilbenes represent the most importan...

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Autores principales: Ciaffi, Mario, Paolacci, Anna Rita, Paolocci, Marco, Alicandri, Enrica, Bigini, Valentina, Badiani, Maurizio, Muganu, Massimo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6744718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31521112
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-019-2014-5
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author Ciaffi, Mario
Paolacci, Anna Rita
Paolocci, Marco
Alicandri, Enrica
Bigini, Valentina
Badiani, Maurizio
Muganu, Massimo
author_facet Ciaffi, Mario
Paolacci, Anna Rita
Paolocci, Marco
Alicandri, Enrica
Bigini, Valentina
Badiani, Maurizio
Muganu, Massimo
author_sort Ciaffi, Mario
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: To limit the impact of the downy mildew disease of grapevine and reduce the need to recur to chemical treatments, an effective strategy might be recovering adaptive resistance traits in both cultivated and wild V. vinifera germplasm. Considering that stilbenes represent the most important class of phytoalexins in the Vitaceae, the constitutive expression and transcriptional activation of all the functional members of the stilbene synthase gene family were analysed in a group of nine grapevine genotypes following artificial infection with the oomycete Plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of the disease. In addition, in the same genotypes we analyzed the expression of genes encoding for two transcription factors involved in the transcriptional regulation of the stilbene synthase genes, namely VvMYB14 and VvMYB15, and of genes encoding for chalcone synthases. RESULTS: Downy mildew incidence and severity ranged from nihil to high in the grapevine genotypes considered, being low to moderate in a subgroup of V. vinifera genotypes. The constitutive expression of the stilbene synthase genes as well as the extent of their transcriptional activation following P. viticola inoculation appeared to be inversely related to the proneness to develop disease symptoms upon infection. In a specular manner, following P. viticola inoculation all the chalcone synthase genes were up-regulated in the susceptible grapevine genotypes and down-regulated in the resistant ones. The infection brought by P. viticola appeared to elicit a co-ordinated and sequential transcriptional activation of distinct stilbene synthase genes subsets, each of which may be regulated by a distinct and specific MYB transcription factor. CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that the induction of stilbene biosynthesis may contribute to the basal immunity against the downy mildew of grapevine, thus representing an adaptive resistance trait to recover, in both cultivated and wild V. vinifera germplasm. During the early stages of P. viticola infection, an antagonistic interaction between flavonol and stilbene biosynthesis might occur, whose outcome might determine the subsequent extent of disease symptoms. Further studies are needed to decipher the possible regulatory mechanisms involved in the antagonistic crosstalk between these two metabolic pathways in resistant and susceptible genotypes in response to P. viticola.
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spelling pubmed-67447182019-09-18 Transcriptional regulation of stilbene synthases in grapevine germplasm differentially susceptible to downy mildew Ciaffi, Mario Paolacci, Anna Rita Paolocci, Marco Alicandri, Enrica Bigini, Valentina Badiani, Maurizio Muganu, Massimo BMC Plant Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: To limit the impact of the downy mildew disease of grapevine and reduce the need to recur to chemical treatments, an effective strategy might be recovering adaptive resistance traits in both cultivated and wild V. vinifera germplasm. Considering that stilbenes represent the most important class of phytoalexins in the Vitaceae, the constitutive expression and transcriptional activation of all the functional members of the stilbene synthase gene family were analysed in a group of nine grapevine genotypes following artificial infection with the oomycete Plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of the disease. In addition, in the same genotypes we analyzed the expression of genes encoding for two transcription factors involved in the transcriptional regulation of the stilbene synthase genes, namely VvMYB14 and VvMYB15, and of genes encoding for chalcone synthases. RESULTS: Downy mildew incidence and severity ranged from nihil to high in the grapevine genotypes considered, being low to moderate in a subgroup of V. vinifera genotypes. The constitutive expression of the stilbene synthase genes as well as the extent of their transcriptional activation following P. viticola inoculation appeared to be inversely related to the proneness to develop disease symptoms upon infection. In a specular manner, following P. viticola inoculation all the chalcone synthase genes were up-regulated in the susceptible grapevine genotypes and down-regulated in the resistant ones. The infection brought by P. viticola appeared to elicit a co-ordinated and sequential transcriptional activation of distinct stilbene synthase genes subsets, each of which may be regulated by a distinct and specific MYB transcription factor. CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that the induction of stilbene biosynthesis may contribute to the basal immunity against the downy mildew of grapevine, thus representing an adaptive resistance trait to recover, in both cultivated and wild V. vinifera germplasm. During the early stages of P. viticola infection, an antagonistic interaction between flavonol and stilbene biosynthesis might occur, whose outcome might determine the subsequent extent of disease symptoms. Further studies are needed to decipher the possible regulatory mechanisms involved in the antagonistic crosstalk between these two metabolic pathways in resistant and susceptible genotypes in response to P. viticola. BioMed Central 2019-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6744718/ /pubmed/31521112 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-019-2014-5 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ciaffi, Mario
Paolacci, Anna Rita
Paolocci, Marco
Alicandri, Enrica
Bigini, Valentina
Badiani, Maurizio
Muganu, Massimo
Transcriptional regulation of stilbene synthases in grapevine germplasm differentially susceptible to downy mildew
title Transcriptional regulation of stilbene synthases in grapevine germplasm differentially susceptible to downy mildew
title_full Transcriptional regulation of stilbene synthases in grapevine germplasm differentially susceptible to downy mildew
title_fullStr Transcriptional regulation of stilbene synthases in grapevine germplasm differentially susceptible to downy mildew
title_full_unstemmed Transcriptional regulation of stilbene synthases in grapevine germplasm differentially susceptible to downy mildew
title_short Transcriptional regulation of stilbene synthases in grapevine germplasm differentially susceptible to downy mildew
title_sort transcriptional regulation of stilbene synthases in grapevine germplasm differentially susceptible to downy mildew
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6744718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31521112
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-019-2014-5
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