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Linking properties of an orb‐weaving spider's capture thread glycoprotein adhesive and flagelliform fiber components to prey retention time

1. An orb web's adhesive capture spiral is responsible for prey retention. This thread is formed of regularly spaced glue droplets supported by two flagelliform axial lines. Each glue droplet features a glycoprotein adhesive core covered by a hygroscopic aqueous layer, which also covers axial l...

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Autores principales: Opell, Brent D., Burba, Cassandra M., Deva, Pritesh D., Kin, Matthew H. Y., Rivas, Malik X., Elmore, Hannah Mae, Hendricks, Mary L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6745672/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31534698
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5525
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author Opell, Brent D.
Burba, Cassandra M.
Deva, Pritesh D.
Kin, Matthew H. Y.
Rivas, Malik X.
Elmore, Hannah Mae
Hendricks, Mary L.
author_facet Opell, Brent D.
Burba, Cassandra M.
Deva, Pritesh D.
Kin, Matthew H. Y.
Rivas, Malik X.
Elmore, Hannah Mae
Hendricks, Mary L.
author_sort Opell, Brent D.
collection PubMed
description 1. An orb web's adhesive capture spiral is responsible for prey retention. This thread is formed of regularly spaced glue droplets supported by two flagelliform axial lines. Each glue droplet features a glycoprotein adhesive core covered by a hygroscopic aqueous layer, which also covers axial lines between the droplets, making the entire thread responsive to environmental humidity. 2. We characterized the effect of relative humidity (RH) on ability of Argiope aurantia and Argiope trifasciata thread arrays to retain houseflies and characterize the effect of humidity on their droplet properties. Using these data and those of Araneus marmoreus from a previous study, we then develop a regression model that correlated glycoprotein and flagelliform fiber properties with prey retention time. The model selection process included newly determined, humidity‐specific Young's modulus and toughness values for the three species' glycoproteins. 3. Argiope aurantia droplets are more hygroscopic than A. trifasciata droplets, causing the glycoprotein within A. aurantia droplets to become oversaturated at RH greater than 55% RH and their extension to decrease, whereas A. trifasciata droplet performance increases to 72% RH. This difference is reflected in species' prey retention times, with that of A. aurantia peaking at 55% RH and that of A. trifasciata at 72% RH. 4. Fly retention time was explained by a regression model of five variables: glue droplet distribution, flagelliform fiber work of extension, glycoprotein volume, glycoprotein thickness, and glycoprotein Young's modulus. 5. The material properties of both glycoprotein and flagelliform fibers appear to be phylogenetically constrained, whereas natural selection can more freely act on the amount of each material invested in a thread and on components of the thread's aqueous layer. Thus, it becomes easier to understand how natural selection can tune the performance of viscous capture threads by directing small changes in these components.
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spelling pubmed-67456722019-09-18 Linking properties of an orb‐weaving spider's capture thread glycoprotein adhesive and flagelliform fiber components to prey retention time Opell, Brent D. Burba, Cassandra M. Deva, Pritesh D. Kin, Matthew H. Y. Rivas, Malik X. Elmore, Hannah Mae Hendricks, Mary L. Ecol Evol Original Research 1. An orb web's adhesive capture spiral is responsible for prey retention. This thread is formed of regularly spaced glue droplets supported by two flagelliform axial lines. Each glue droplet features a glycoprotein adhesive core covered by a hygroscopic aqueous layer, which also covers axial lines between the droplets, making the entire thread responsive to environmental humidity. 2. We characterized the effect of relative humidity (RH) on ability of Argiope aurantia and Argiope trifasciata thread arrays to retain houseflies and characterize the effect of humidity on their droplet properties. Using these data and those of Araneus marmoreus from a previous study, we then develop a regression model that correlated glycoprotein and flagelliform fiber properties with prey retention time. The model selection process included newly determined, humidity‐specific Young's modulus and toughness values for the three species' glycoproteins. 3. Argiope aurantia droplets are more hygroscopic than A. trifasciata droplets, causing the glycoprotein within A. aurantia droplets to become oversaturated at RH greater than 55% RH and their extension to decrease, whereas A. trifasciata droplet performance increases to 72% RH. This difference is reflected in species' prey retention times, with that of A. aurantia peaking at 55% RH and that of A. trifasciata at 72% RH. 4. Fly retention time was explained by a regression model of five variables: glue droplet distribution, flagelliform fiber work of extension, glycoprotein volume, glycoprotein thickness, and glycoprotein Young's modulus. 5. The material properties of both glycoprotein and flagelliform fibers appear to be phylogenetically constrained, whereas natural selection can more freely act on the amount of each material invested in a thread and on components of the thread's aqueous layer. Thus, it becomes easier to understand how natural selection can tune the performance of viscous capture threads by directing small changes in these components. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6745672/ /pubmed/31534698 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5525 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Opell, Brent D.
Burba, Cassandra M.
Deva, Pritesh D.
Kin, Matthew H. Y.
Rivas, Malik X.
Elmore, Hannah Mae
Hendricks, Mary L.
Linking properties of an orb‐weaving spider's capture thread glycoprotein adhesive and flagelliform fiber components to prey retention time
title Linking properties of an orb‐weaving spider's capture thread glycoprotein adhesive and flagelliform fiber components to prey retention time
title_full Linking properties of an orb‐weaving spider's capture thread glycoprotein adhesive and flagelliform fiber components to prey retention time
title_fullStr Linking properties of an orb‐weaving spider's capture thread glycoprotein adhesive and flagelliform fiber components to prey retention time
title_full_unstemmed Linking properties of an orb‐weaving spider's capture thread glycoprotein adhesive and flagelliform fiber components to prey retention time
title_short Linking properties of an orb‐weaving spider's capture thread glycoprotein adhesive and flagelliform fiber components to prey retention time
title_sort linking properties of an orb‐weaving spider's capture thread glycoprotein adhesive and flagelliform fiber components to prey retention time
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6745672/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31534698
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5525
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