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Femtosecond laser induced step-like structures inside transparent hydrogel due to laser induced threshold reduction
In the area of laser material processing, versatile applications for cutting glasses and transparent polymers exist. However, parasitic effects such as the creation of step-like structures appear when laser cutting inside a transparent material. To date, these structures were only described empirica...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6748420/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31527880 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222293 |
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author | Saerchen, Emanuel Liedtke-Gruener, Susann Kopp, Maximilian Heisterkamp, Alexander Lubatschowski, Holger Ripken, Tammo |
author_facet | Saerchen, Emanuel Liedtke-Gruener, Susann Kopp, Maximilian Heisterkamp, Alexander Lubatschowski, Holger Ripken, Tammo |
author_sort | Saerchen, Emanuel |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the area of laser material processing, versatile applications for cutting glasses and transparent polymers exist. However, parasitic effects such as the creation of step-like structures appear when laser cutting inside a transparent material. To date, these structures were only described empirically. This work establishes the physical and chemical mechanisms behind the observed effects and describes the influence of process and material parameters onto the creation of step-like structures in hydrogel, Dihydroxyethylmethacrylat (HEMA). By focusing laser pulses in HEMA, reduced pulse separation distance below 50 nm and rise in pulse energy enhances the creation of unintended step-like structures. Spatial resolved Raman-spectroscopy was used to measure the laser induced chemical modification, which results into a reduced breakdown threshold. The reduction in threshold influences the position of optical breakdown for the succeeding laser pulses and consequently leads to the step-like structures. Additionally, the experimental findings were supplemented with numerical simulations of the influence of reduced damage threshold onto the position of optical breakdown. In summary, chemical material change was defined as cause of the step-like structures. Furthermore, the parameters to avoid these structures were identified. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6748420 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67484202019-09-27 Femtosecond laser induced step-like structures inside transparent hydrogel due to laser induced threshold reduction Saerchen, Emanuel Liedtke-Gruener, Susann Kopp, Maximilian Heisterkamp, Alexander Lubatschowski, Holger Ripken, Tammo PLoS One Research Article In the area of laser material processing, versatile applications for cutting glasses and transparent polymers exist. However, parasitic effects such as the creation of step-like structures appear when laser cutting inside a transparent material. To date, these structures were only described empirically. This work establishes the physical and chemical mechanisms behind the observed effects and describes the influence of process and material parameters onto the creation of step-like structures in hydrogel, Dihydroxyethylmethacrylat (HEMA). By focusing laser pulses in HEMA, reduced pulse separation distance below 50 nm and rise in pulse energy enhances the creation of unintended step-like structures. Spatial resolved Raman-spectroscopy was used to measure the laser induced chemical modification, which results into a reduced breakdown threshold. The reduction in threshold influences the position of optical breakdown for the succeeding laser pulses and consequently leads to the step-like structures. Additionally, the experimental findings were supplemented with numerical simulations of the influence of reduced damage threshold onto the position of optical breakdown. In summary, chemical material change was defined as cause of the step-like structures. Furthermore, the parameters to avoid these structures were identified. Public Library of Science 2019-09-17 /pmc/articles/PMC6748420/ /pubmed/31527880 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222293 Text en © 2019 Saerchen et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Saerchen, Emanuel Liedtke-Gruener, Susann Kopp, Maximilian Heisterkamp, Alexander Lubatschowski, Holger Ripken, Tammo Femtosecond laser induced step-like structures inside transparent hydrogel due to laser induced threshold reduction |
title | Femtosecond laser induced step-like structures inside transparent hydrogel due to laser induced threshold reduction |
title_full | Femtosecond laser induced step-like structures inside transparent hydrogel due to laser induced threshold reduction |
title_fullStr | Femtosecond laser induced step-like structures inside transparent hydrogel due to laser induced threshold reduction |
title_full_unstemmed | Femtosecond laser induced step-like structures inside transparent hydrogel due to laser induced threshold reduction |
title_short | Femtosecond laser induced step-like structures inside transparent hydrogel due to laser induced threshold reduction |
title_sort | femtosecond laser induced step-like structures inside transparent hydrogel due to laser induced threshold reduction |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6748420/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31527880 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222293 |
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