The Impact of Formal and Informal Institutions on ART Drug Adherence

A successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) drug adherence is achieved when patients follow their prescribed regimen. This is determined by patient’s motivation that is influenced by resources associated with the patient, society, and relevant institutions. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of formal and informal actors on patients’ ART drug adherence. A qualitative study approach was conducted through face-to-face in-depth interviews of HIV-infected patients and key informants. The analysis was guided by a salutogenic model focusing on generalized resistance resources and a sense of coherence. The finding shows that 76% of the study participants achieved the recommended 95% adherence level. Several resources attributed to individuals, society, and public institutions influencing patients’ day-to-day life and their drug adherence were identified. Patients who are able to use the available resources easily develop sense of coherence and follow their prescribed drug regimen. Therefore, encouraging HIV-infected patients through formal and informal actors can enhance ART drug adherence.