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Protective and Regenerative Roles of T Cells in Central Nervous System Disorders

Pathogenic mechanisms of T cells in several central nervous system (CNS) disorders are well-established. However, more recent studies have uncovered compelling beneficial roles of T cells in neurological diseases, ranging from tissue protection to regeneration. These divergent functions arise due to...

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Autores principales: Evans, Frances L., Dittmer, Marie, de la Fuente, Alerie G., Fitzgerald, Denise C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6751344/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31572381
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02171
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author Evans, Frances L.
Dittmer, Marie
de la Fuente, Alerie G.
Fitzgerald, Denise C.
author_facet Evans, Frances L.
Dittmer, Marie
de la Fuente, Alerie G.
Fitzgerald, Denise C.
author_sort Evans, Frances L.
collection PubMed
description Pathogenic mechanisms of T cells in several central nervous system (CNS) disorders are well-established. However, more recent studies have uncovered compelling beneficial roles of T cells in neurological diseases, ranging from tissue protection to regeneration. These divergent functions arise due to the diversity of T cell subsets, particularly CD4(+) T cells. Here, we review the beneficial impact of T cell subsets in a range of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, and CNS trauma. Both T cell-secreted mediators and direct cell contact-dependent mechanisms deliver neuroprotective, neuroregenerative and immunomodulatory signals in these settings. Understanding the molecular details of these beneficial T cell mechanisms will provide novel targets for therapeutic exploitation that can be applied to a range of neurological disorders.
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spelling pubmed-67513442019-09-30 Protective and Regenerative Roles of T Cells in Central Nervous System Disorders Evans, Frances L. Dittmer, Marie de la Fuente, Alerie G. Fitzgerald, Denise C. Front Immunol Immunology Pathogenic mechanisms of T cells in several central nervous system (CNS) disorders are well-established. However, more recent studies have uncovered compelling beneficial roles of T cells in neurological diseases, ranging from tissue protection to regeneration. These divergent functions arise due to the diversity of T cell subsets, particularly CD4(+) T cells. Here, we review the beneficial impact of T cell subsets in a range of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, and CNS trauma. Both T cell-secreted mediators and direct cell contact-dependent mechanisms deliver neuroprotective, neuroregenerative and immunomodulatory signals in these settings. Understanding the molecular details of these beneficial T cell mechanisms will provide novel targets for therapeutic exploitation that can be applied to a range of neurological disorders. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-09-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6751344/ /pubmed/31572381 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02171 Text en Copyright © 2019 Evans, Dittmer, de la Fuente and Fitzgerald. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Evans, Frances L.
Dittmer, Marie
de la Fuente, Alerie G.
Fitzgerald, Denise C.
Protective and Regenerative Roles of T Cells in Central Nervous System Disorders
title Protective and Regenerative Roles of T Cells in Central Nervous System Disorders
title_full Protective and Regenerative Roles of T Cells in Central Nervous System Disorders
title_fullStr Protective and Regenerative Roles of T Cells in Central Nervous System Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Protective and Regenerative Roles of T Cells in Central Nervous System Disorders
title_short Protective and Regenerative Roles of T Cells in Central Nervous System Disorders
title_sort protective and regenerative roles of t cells in central nervous system disorders
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6751344/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31572381
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02171
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