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Time-related immunomodulation by stressors and corticosterone transdermal application in toads

Immune responses have been mostly studied at a specific time in anuran species. However, time-changes related to immunomodulation associated with glucocorticoid (GC) alterations following stressors and GC treatment are complex. The present study describes time-related changes in immune response and...

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Autores principales: Titon, Stefanny Christie Monteiro, Titon, Braz, Barsotti, Adriana Maria Giorgi, Gomes, Fernando Ribeiro, Assis, Vania Regina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6754171/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31539413
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222856
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author Titon, Stefanny Christie Monteiro
Titon, Braz
Barsotti, Adriana Maria Giorgi
Gomes, Fernando Ribeiro
Assis, Vania Regina
author_facet Titon, Stefanny Christie Monteiro
Titon, Braz
Barsotti, Adriana Maria Giorgi
Gomes, Fernando Ribeiro
Assis, Vania Regina
author_sort Titon, Stefanny Christie Monteiro
collection PubMed
description Immune responses have been mostly studied at a specific time in anuran species. However, time-changes related to immunomodulation associated with glucocorticoid (GC) alterations following stressors and GC treatment are complex. The present study describes time-related changes in immune response and corticosterone (CORT) plasma levels following restraint challenge, short, mid and long-term captivity, and CORT exogenous administration by transdermal application (TA) in Rhinella ornata toads. We observed increased neutrophil: lymphocyte ratios after restraint challenge and CORT TA, without changes following short and mid-term captivity. Plasma bacterial killing ability was sustained in all treatments, except long-term captivity, with decreased values after 90 days under such conditions. Phagocytic activity of peritoneal cells increased after mid-term captivity, and the phytohemagglutinin swelling response was impaired in those animals treated with CORT TA for 20 consecutive days. Plasma CORT levels increased or were sustained after restraint challenge (depending on initial values), decreased following mid and long-term captivity (for those animals showing high CORT in the field) and increased after 20 days of CORT TA. By performing assessments of time-changes in immune processes and CORT plasma levels in R. ornata, we demonstrate immuno-enhancing effects following restraint, short and mid-term stressors, while long-term stressors and CORT TA promoted immunosuppression in these toads.
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spelling pubmed-67541712019-10-03 Time-related immunomodulation by stressors and corticosterone transdermal application in toads Titon, Stefanny Christie Monteiro Titon, Braz Barsotti, Adriana Maria Giorgi Gomes, Fernando Ribeiro Assis, Vania Regina PLoS One Research Article Immune responses have been mostly studied at a specific time in anuran species. However, time-changes related to immunomodulation associated with glucocorticoid (GC) alterations following stressors and GC treatment are complex. The present study describes time-related changes in immune response and corticosterone (CORT) plasma levels following restraint challenge, short, mid and long-term captivity, and CORT exogenous administration by transdermal application (TA) in Rhinella ornata toads. We observed increased neutrophil: lymphocyte ratios after restraint challenge and CORT TA, without changes following short and mid-term captivity. Plasma bacterial killing ability was sustained in all treatments, except long-term captivity, with decreased values after 90 days under such conditions. Phagocytic activity of peritoneal cells increased after mid-term captivity, and the phytohemagglutinin swelling response was impaired in those animals treated with CORT TA for 20 consecutive days. Plasma CORT levels increased or were sustained after restraint challenge (depending on initial values), decreased following mid and long-term captivity (for those animals showing high CORT in the field) and increased after 20 days of CORT TA. By performing assessments of time-changes in immune processes and CORT plasma levels in R. ornata, we demonstrate immuno-enhancing effects following restraint, short and mid-term stressors, while long-term stressors and CORT TA promoted immunosuppression in these toads. Public Library of Science 2019-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6754171/ /pubmed/31539413 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222856 Text en © 2019 Titon et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Titon, Stefanny Christie Monteiro
Titon, Braz
Barsotti, Adriana Maria Giorgi
Gomes, Fernando Ribeiro
Assis, Vania Regina
Time-related immunomodulation by stressors and corticosterone transdermal application in toads
title Time-related immunomodulation by stressors and corticosterone transdermal application in toads
title_full Time-related immunomodulation by stressors and corticosterone transdermal application in toads
title_fullStr Time-related immunomodulation by stressors and corticosterone transdermal application in toads
title_full_unstemmed Time-related immunomodulation by stressors and corticosterone transdermal application in toads
title_short Time-related immunomodulation by stressors and corticosterone transdermal application in toads
title_sort time-related immunomodulation by stressors and corticosterone transdermal application in toads
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6754171/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31539413
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222856
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