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Clinical Efficacy of Ketamine for Treatment-resistant Depression

Depression is a common psychiatric disorder affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the diagnosis of depression requires at least two weeks of either low mood or anhedonia as well as four or more...

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Autores principales: Bratsos, Sosipatros, Saleh, Sohag N
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6758959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31565597
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.5189
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author Bratsos, Sosipatros
Saleh, Sohag N
author_facet Bratsos, Sosipatros
Saleh, Sohag N
author_sort Bratsos, Sosipatros
collection PubMed
description Depression is a common psychiatric disorder affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the diagnosis of depression requires at least two weeks of either low mood or anhedonia as well as four or more other symptoms such as appetite or weight changes, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, loss of energy, inability to concentrate, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, and suicidality. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) target the monoaminergic system and are the commonest drugs used for treating depression, but have certain limitations, such as their delayed onset of action. Ketamine, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, has shown in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) promising results with rapid antidepressant effects, especially in patients with severe treatment-resistant depression (TRD), which is depression that has not responded to more than two antidepressants. In this review, the clinical efficacy of ketamine in TRD has been discussed, with emphasis placed on the evidence from RCTs.
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spelling pubmed-67589592019-09-28 Clinical Efficacy of Ketamine for Treatment-resistant Depression Bratsos, Sosipatros Saleh, Sohag N Cureus Neurology Depression is a common psychiatric disorder affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the diagnosis of depression requires at least two weeks of either low mood or anhedonia as well as four or more other symptoms such as appetite or weight changes, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, loss of energy, inability to concentrate, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, and suicidality. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) target the monoaminergic system and are the commonest drugs used for treating depression, but have certain limitations, such as their delayed onset of action. Ketamine, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, has shown in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) promising results with rapid antidepressant effects, especially in patients with severe treatment-resistant depression (TRD), which is depression that has not responded to more than two antidepressants. In this review, the clinical efficacy of ketamine in TRD has been discussed, with emphasis placed on the evidence from RCTs. Cureus 2019-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6758959/ /pubmed/31565597 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.5189 Text en Copyright © 2019, Bratsos et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Neurology
Bratsos, Sosipatros
Saleh, Sohag N
Clinical Efficacy of Ketamine for Treatment-resistant Depression
title Clinical Efficacy of Ketamine for Treatment-resistant Depression
title_full Clinical Efficacy of Ketamine for Treatment-resistant Depression
title_fullStr Clinical Efficacy of Ketamine for Treatment-resistant Depression
title_full_unstemmed Clinical Efficacy of Ketamine for Treatment-resistant Depression
title_short Clinical Efficacy of Ketamine for Treatment-resistant Depression
title_sort clinical efficacy of ketamine for treatment-resistant depression
topic Neurology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6758959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31565597
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.5189
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