A case report of a giant hiatal hernia mimicking an ST-elevation myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) can be a life-threatening condition. However, identification of patients with ACS can be challenging, especially among women, and clinical presentation can often overlap with other medical entities. CASE SUMMARY: A 61-year-old woman with a history of stable bronchial asthma presented with worsening dyspnoea for spiroergometry. During bicycle exercise testing, she developed acute chest pain and her electrocardiogram showed significant ST-segment elevations. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin was elevated and a coronary angiography was performed showing normal coronary arteries. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed no signs of myocardial infarction, myocarditis or Takotsubo cardiomyopathy but the incidental finding of a giant hiatal hernia impeding the filling of the left atrium. The giant hernia was surgically corrected, and the patient’s exertional dyspnoea fully relieved during follow-up. DISCUSSION: Hiatal hernia might compress cardiac structures, cause exertional dyspnoea and mimic ST-elevation myocardial infarction.