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Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Proteinuria in Korean Children: A Multilevel Analysis
Proteinuria is a significant sign of childhood renal disorders. However, little is known about how sociodemographic and environmental factors are related to the presence of proteinuria among children and adolescents. This paper focuses on the prevalence of proteinuria and its risk factors among chil...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6766052/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31505832 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183317 |
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author | Kim, Suhee Uhm, Ju-Yeon |
author_facet | Kim, Suhee Uhm, Ju-Yeon |
author_sort | Kim, Suhee |
collection | PubMed |
description | Proteinuria is a significant sign of childhood renal disorders. However, little is known about how sociodemographic and environmental factors are related to the presence of proteinuria among children and adolescents. This paper focuses on the prevalence of proteinuria and its risk factors among children and adolescents. This study conducted a secondary analysis of data from the 2016 Sample Schools Raw Data of Health Examination for School Students (SSRDHESS). Data collected from 27,081 students who had undergone a health screening were analyzed using Chi-square tests, independent t-tests, and multilevel logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of proteinuria was higher in the thin group than in the normal weight group (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.77; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.34–2.33) and lower in the overweight/obese group (aOR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.51–0.80). Additionally, those in metropolitan and small–medium sized cities had a proteinuria prevalence about 1.5-fold higher than that of those in rural areas (95% CI = 1.08–2.02, 95% CI = 1.19–1.92, respectively). Proteinuria was associated with environmental pollution, including smoking rate, ambient particulate matter and heavy metals in drinking water (aOR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.01–1.20; aOR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.01–1.11, aOR = 1.001; 95% CI = 1.0001–1.0015). These results suggest that to improve health management effectiveness, kidney disease prevention efforts for children and adolescents should focus on geographical area and environmental pollution, as well as body weight as individual factors. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6766052 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67660522019-09-30 Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Proteinuria in Korean Children: A Multilevel Analysis Kim, Suhee Uhm, Ju-Yeon Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Proteinuria is a significant sign of childhood renal disorders. However, little is known about how sociodemographic and environmental factors are related to the presence of proteinuria among children and adolescents. This paper focuses on the prevalence of proteinuria and its risk factors among children and adolescents. This study conducted a secondary analysis of data from the 2016 Sample Schools Raw Data of Health Examination for School Students (SSRDHESS). Data collected from 27,081 students who had undergone a health screening were analyzed using Chi-square tests, independent t-tests, and multilevel logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of proteinuria was higher in the thin group than in the normal weight group (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.77; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.34–2.33) and lower in the overweight/obese group (aOR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.51–0.80). Additionally, those in metropolitan and small–medium sized cities had a proteinuria prevalence about 1.5-fold higher than that of those in rural areas (95% CI = 1.08–2.02, 95% CI = 1.19–1.92, respectively). Proteinuria was associated with environmental pollution, including smoking rate, ambient particulate matter and heavy metals in drinking water (aOR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.01–1.20; aOR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.01–1.11, aOR = 1.001; 95% CI = 1.0001–1.0015). These results suggest that to improve health management effectiveness, kidney disease prevention efforts for children and adolescents should focus on geographical area and environmental pollution, as well as body weight as individual factors. MDPI 2019-09-09 2019-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6766052/ /pubmed/31505832 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183317 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kim, Suhee Uhm, Ju-Yeon Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Proteinuria in Korean Children: A Multilevel Analysis |
title | Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Proteinuria in Korean Children: A Multilevel Analysis |
title_full | Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Proteinuria in Korean Children: A Multilevel Analysis |
title_fullStr | Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Proteinuria in Korean Children: A Multilevel Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Proteinuria in Korean Children: A Multilevel Analysis |
title_short | Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Proteinuria in Korean Children: A Multilevel Analysis |
title_sort | individual and environmental factors associated with proteinuria in korean children: a multilevel analysis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6766052/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31505832 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183317 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kimsuhee individualandenvironmentalfactorsassociatedwithproteinuriainkoreanchildrenamultilevelanalysis AT uhmjuyeon individualandenvironmentalfactorsassociatedwithproteinuriainkoreanchildrenamultilevelanalysis |