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Mycoplasma haemolamae and intestinal parasite relationships with erythrocyte variables in clinically healthy alpacas and llamas

BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma haemolamae (Mhl) and gastrointestinal nematodes can cause anemia in camelids. Control programs aim to suppress parasitism without promoting anthelminthic resistance, but few evidence‐based guidelines define acceptable parasite loads in camelids. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: In clini...

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Autores principales: Viesselmann, Lisa C., Videla, Ricardo, Schaefer, John, Chapman, Aly, Wyrosdick, Heidi, Schaefer, Deanna M. W.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6766537/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31454105
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15596
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author Viesselmann, Lisa C.
Videla, Ricardo
Schaefer, John
Chapman, Aly
Wyrosdick, Heidi
Schaefer, Deanna M. W.
author_facet Viesselmann, Lisa C.
Videla, Ricardo
Schaefer, John
Chapman, Aly
Wyrosdick, Heidi
Schaefer, Deanna M. W.
author_sort Viesselmann, Lisa C.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma haemolamae (Mhl) and gastrointestinal nematodes can cause anemia in camelids. Control programs aim to suppress parasitism without promoting anthelminthic resistance, but few evidence‐based guidelines define acceptable parasite loads in camelids. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: In clinically healthy nonanemic camelids, compare erythrocyte variables to Mhl real‐time PCR status and to fecal egg count (FEC). Determine the FEC threshold above which erythrocyte variables are consistently below reference interval medians. ANIMALS: One hundred fourteen client‐owned adult alpacas and llamas. METHODS: In a cross‐sectional study, whole blood in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was assessed for packed cell volume (PCV) by centrifugation, erythrocyte count (RBC), and hemoglobin concentration (HGB) using an ADVIA120 analyzer, and Mhl using real‐time PCR. Trichostrongyle eggs per gram (epg) were counted by modified McMaster test on freshly collected feces. Significant differences in erythrocyte variables based on Mhl status and FEC thresholds were assessed by independent t test and one‐way ANOVA, respectively. RESULTS: Packed cell volume, RBC, and HGB were not significantly different between Mhl‐positive and Mhl‐negative animals, but were significantly lower in animals with FEC >1000 epg compared to those with <500 epg. All animals with FEC >600 epg had RBC and HGB below the reference interval median. All animals with FEC >750 epg had PCV below the reference interval median. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: In healthy nonanemic camelids, positive Mhl PCR is not associated with lower erythrocyte variables and such animals may not warrant treatment. Fecal egg count >600‐750 epg has a negative effect on erythrocyte variables, and may be a guide for deworming protocols.
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spelling pubmed-67665372019-09-30 Mycoplasma haemolamae and intestinal parasite relationships with erythrocyte variables in clinically healthy alpacas and llamas Viesselmann, Lisa C. Videla, Ricardo Schaefer, John Chapman, Aly Wyrosdick, Heidi Schaefer, Deanna M. W. J Vet Intern Med FOOD AND FIBER ANIMAL BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma haemolamae (Mhl) and gastrointestinal nematodes can cause anemia in camelids. Control programs aim to suppress parasitism without promoting anthelminthic resistance, but few evidence‐based guidelines define acceptable parasite loads in camelids. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: In clinically healthy nonanemic camelids, compare erythrocyte variables to Mhl real‐time PCR status and to fecal egg count (FEC). Determine the FEC threshold above which erythrocyte variables are consistently below reference interval medians. ANIMALS: One hundred fourteen client‐owned adult alpacas and llamas. METHODS: In a cross‐sectional study, whole blood in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was assessed for packed cell volume (PCV) by centrifugation, erythrocyte count (RBC), and hemoglobin concentration (HGB) using an ADVIA120 analyzer, and Mhl using real‐time PCR. Trichostrongyle eggs per gram (epg) were counted by modified McMaster test on freshly collected feces. Significant differences in erythrocyte variables based on Mhl status and FEC thresholds were assessed by independent t test and one‐way ANOVA, respectively. RESULTS: Packed cell volume, RBC, and HGB were not significantly different between Mhl‐positive and Mhl‐negative animals, but were significantly lower in animals with FEC >1000 epg compared to those with <500 epg. All animals with FEC >600 epg had RBC and HGB below the reference interval median. All animals with FEC >750 epg had PCV below the reference interval median. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: In healthy nonanemic camelids, positive Mhl PCR is not associated with lower erythrocyte variables and such animals may not warrant treatment. Fecal egg count >600‐750 epg has a negative effect on erythrocyte variables, and may be a guide for deworming protocols. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2019-08-27 2019 /pmc/articles/PMC6766537/ /pubmed/31454105 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15596 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle FOOD AND FIBER ANIMAL
Viesselmann, Lisa C.
Videla, Ricardo
Schaefer, John
Chapman, Aly
Wyrosdick, Heidi
Schaefer, Deanna M. W.
Mycoplasma haemolamae and intestinal parasite relationships with erythrocyte variables in clinically healthy alpacas and llamas
title Mycoplasma haemolamae and intestinal parasite relationships with erythrocyte variables in clinically healthy alpacas and llamas
title_full Mycoplasma haemolamae and intestinal parasite relationships with erythrocyte variables in clinically healthy alpacas and llamas
title_fullStr Mycoplasma haemolamae and intestinal parasite relationships with erythrocyte variables in clinically healthy alpacas and llamas
title_full_unstemmed Mycoplasma haemolamae and intestinal parasite relationships with erythrocyte variables in clinically healthy alpacas and llamas
title_short Mycoplasma haemolamae and intestinal parasite relationships with erythrocyte variables in clinically healthy alpacas and llamas
title_sort mycoplasma haemolamae and intestinal parasite relationships with erythrocyte variables in clinically healthy alpacas and llamas
topic FOOD AND FIBER ANIMAL
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6766537/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31454105
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15596
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