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Future Needs in Mast Cell Biology

The pathophysiological roles of mast cells are still not fully understood, over 140 years since their description by Paul Ehrlich in 1878. Initial studies have attempted to identify distinct “subpopulations” of mast cells based on a relatively small number of biochemical characteristics. More recent...

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Autores principales: Varricchi, Gilda, de Paulis, Amato, Marone, Gianni, Galli, Stephen J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6769913/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31500217
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184397
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author Varricchi, Gilda
de Paulis, Amato
Marone, Gianni
Galli, Stephen J.
author_facet Varricchi, Gilda
de Paulis, Amato
Marone, Gianni
Galli, Stephen J.
author_sort Varricchi, Gilda
collection PubMed
description The pathophysiological roles of mast cells are still not fully understood, over 140 years since their description by Paul Ehrlich in 1878. Initial studies have attempted to identify distinct “subpopulations” of mast cells based on a relatively small number of biochemical characteristics. More recently, “subtypes” of mast cells have been described based on the analysis of transcriptomes of anatomically distinct mouse mast cell populations. Although mast cells can potently alter homeostasis, in certain circumstances, these cells can also contribute to the restoration of homeostasis. Both solid and hematologic tumors are associated with the accumulation of peritumoral and/or intratumoral mast cells, suggesting that these cells can help to promote and/or limit tumorigenesis. We suggest that at least two major subsets of mast cells, MC1 (meaning anti-tumorigenic) and MC2 (meaning pro-tumorigenic), and/or different mast cell mediators derived from otherwise similar cells, could play distinct or even opposite roles in tumorigenesis. Mast cells are also strategically located in the human myocardium, in atherosclerotic plaques, in close proximity to nerves and in the aortic valve. Recent studies have revealed evidence that cardiac mast cells can participate both in physiological and pathological processes in the heart. It seems likely that different subsets of mast cells, like those of cardiac macrophages, can exert distinct, even opposite, effects in different pathophysiological processes in the heart. In this chapter, we have commented on possible future needs of the ongoing efforts to identify the diverse functions of mast cells in health and disease.
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spelling pubmed-67699132019-10-30 Future Needs in Mast Cell Biology Varricchi, Gilda de Paulis, Amato Marone, Gianni Galli, Stephen J. Int J Mol Sci Review The pathophysiological roles of mast cells are still not fully understood, over 140 years since their description by Paul Ehrlich in 1878. Initial studies have attempted to identify distinct “subpopulations” of mast cells based on a relatively small number of biochemical characteristics. More recently, “subtypes” of mast cells have been described based on the analysis of transcriptomes of anatomically distinct mouse mast cell populations. Although mast cells can potently alter homeostasis, in certain circumstances, these cells can also contribute to the restoration of homeostasis. Both solid and hematologic tumors are associated with the accumulation of peritumoral and/or intratumoral mast cells, suggesting that these cells can help to promote and/or limit tumorigenesis. We suggest that at least two major subsets of mast cells, MC1 (meaning anti-tumorigenic) and MC2 (meaning pro-tumorigenic), and/or different mast cell mediators derived from otherwise similar cells, could play distinct or even opposite roles in tumorigenesis. Mast cells are also strategically located in the human myocardium, in atherosclerotic plaques, in close proximity to nerves and in the aortic valve. Recent studies have revealed evidence that cardiac mast cells can participate both in physiological and pathological processes in the heart. It seems likely that different subsets of mast cells, like those of cardiac macrophages, can exert distinct, even opposite, effects in different pathophysiological processes in the heart. In this chapter, we have commented on possible future needs of the ongoing efforts to identify the diverse functions of mast cells in health and disease. MDPI 2019-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6769913/ /pubmed/31500217 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184397 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Varricchi, Gilda
de Paulis, Amato
Marone, Gianni
Galli, Stephen J.
Future Needs in Mast Cell Biology
title Future Needs in Mast Cell Biology
title_full Future Needs in Mast Cell Biology
title_fullStr Future Needs in Mast Cell Biology
title_full_unstemmed Future Needs in Mast Cell Biology
title_short Future Needs in Mast Cell Biology
title_sort future needs in mast cell biology
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6769913/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31500217
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184397
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