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Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) constitutes a relevant public health burden. Several studies have demonstrated the association between diet and MetS. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide an estimate of the association between dietary patterns defined through a posteriori methods a...

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Autores principales: Fabiani, Roberto, Naldini, Giulia, Chiavarini, Manuela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6770202/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31480732
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092056
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author Fabiani, Roberto
Naldini, Giulia
Chiavarini, Manuela
author_facet Fabiani, Roberto
Naldini, Giulia
Chiavarini, Manuela
author_sort Fabiani, Roberto
collection PubMed
description Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) constitutes a relevant public health burden. Several studies have demonstrated the association between diet and MetS. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide an estimate of the association between dietary patterns defined through a posteriori methods and MetS. A literature search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, up to March 2019, was conducted to identify all eligible case-control, prospective, or cross-sectional studies involving adult subjects of both sexes. Random-effects models were used. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated. Stratified analyses were conducted on study characteristics. Forty observational studies were included in the meta-analysis, which identified the “Healthy” and the “Meat/Western” dietary patterns. The “Healthy” pattern was associated with reduced MetS risk (OR = 0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79–0.91) and significantly decreased the risk in both sexes and in Eastern countries, particularly in Asia. Adherence to the “Meat/Western” pattern increased MetS risk (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.09–1.29) and the association persisted in the stratified analysis by geographic area (Asia, Europe, America) and study design. Lifestyle is linked to risk of developing MetS. The “Healthy” and “Meat/Western” patterns are significantly associated with reduced and increased MetS risk, respectively. Nutrition represents an important modifiable factor affecting MetS risk.
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spelling pubmed-67702022019-10-30 Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Fabiani, Roberto Naldini, Giulia Chiavarini, Manuela Nutrients Review Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) constitutes a relevant public health burden. Several studies have demonstrated the association between diet and MetS. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide an estimate of the association between dietary patterns defined through a posteriori methods and MetS. A literature search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, up to March 2019, was conducted to identify all eligible case-control, prospective, or cross-sectional studies involving adult subjects of both sexes. Random-effects models were used. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated. Stratified analyses were conducted on study characteristics. Forty observational studies were included in the meta-analysis, which identified the “Healthy” and the “Meat/Western” dietary patterns. The “Healthy” pattern was associated with reduced MetS risk (OR = 0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79–0.91) and significantly decreased the risk in both sexes and in Eastern countries, particularly in Asia. Adherence to the “Meat/Western” pattern increased MetS risk (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.09–1.29) and the association persisted in the stratified analysis by geographic area (Asia, Europe, America) and study design. Lifestyle is linked to risk of developing MetS. The “Healthy” and “Meat/Western” patterns are significantly associated with reduced and increased MetS risk, respectively. Nutrition represents an important modifiable factor affecting MetS risk. MDPI 2019-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6770202/ /pubmed/31480732 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092056 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Fabiani, Roberto
Naldini, Giulia
Chiavarini, Manuela
Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome in adult subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6770202/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31480732
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092056
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