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Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification

An overview and new data are presented from cancer studies of the most exposed groups of the population after the Chornobyl accident, performed at the National Research Center for Radiation Medicine (NRCRM). Incidence rates of solid cancers were analyzed for the 1990–2016 period in cleanup workers,...

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Autores principales: Bazyka, Dimitry, Gudzenko, Natalya, Dyagil, Iryna, Ilienko, Iryna, Belyi, David, Chumak, Vadim, Prysyazhnyuk, Anatoly, Bakhanova, Elena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6770927/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31480731
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11091291
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author Bazyka, Dimitry
Gudzenko, Natalya
Dyagil, Iryna
Ilienko, Iryna
Belyi, David
Chumak, Vadim
Prysyazhnyuk, Anatoly
Bakhanova, Elena
author_facet Bazyka, Dimitry
Gudzenko, Natalya
Dyagil, Iryna
Ilienko, Iryna
Belyi, David
Chumak, Vadim
Prysyazhnyuk, Anatoly
Bakhanova, Elena
author_sort Bazyka, Dimitry
collection PubMed
description An overview and new data are presented from cancer studies of the most exposed groups of the population after the Chornobyl accident, performed at the National Research Center for Radiation Medicine (NRCRM). Incidence rates of solid cancers were analyzed for the 1990–2016 period in cleanup workers, evacuees, and the general population from the contaminated areas. In male cleanup workers, the significant increase in rates was demonstrated for cancers in total, leukemia, lymphoma, and thyroid cancer, as well as breast cancer rates were increased in females. Significantly elevated thyroid cancer incidence was identified in the male cleanup workers cohort (150,813) in 1986–2012 with an overall standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 3.35 (95% CI: 2.91–3.80). A slight decrease in incidence rates was registered starting at 25 years after exposure. In total, 32 of 57 deaths in a group of cleanup workers with confirmed acute radiation syndrome (ARS) or not confirmed ARS (ARS NC) were due to blood malignancies or cancer. Molecular studies in cohort members included gene expression and polymorphism, FISH, relative telomere length, immunophenotype, micronuclei test, histone H2AX, and TORCH infections. Analysis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cases from the cohort showed more frequent mutations in telomere maintenance pathway genes as compared with unexposed CLL patients.
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spelling pubmed-67709272019-10-30 Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification Bazyka, Dimitry Gudzenko, Natalya Dyagil, Iryna Ilienko, Iryna Belyi, David Chumak, Vadim Prysyazhnyuk, Anatoly Bakhanova, Elena Cancers (Basel) Article An overview and new data are presented from cancer studies of the most exposed groups of the population after the Chornobyl accident, performed at the National Research Center for Radiation Medicine (NRCRM). Incidence rates of solid cancers were analyzed for the 1990–2016 period in cleanup workers, evacuees, and the general population from the contaminated areas. In male cleanup workers, the significant increase in rates was demonstrated for cancers in total, leukemia, lymphoma, and thyroid cancer, as well as breast cancer rates were increased in females. Significantly elevated thyroid cancer incidence was identified in the male cleanup workers cohort (150,813) in 1986–2012 with an overall standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 3.35 (95% CI: 2.91–3.80). A slight decrease in incidence rates was registered starting at 25 years after exposure. In total, 32 of 57 deaths in a group of cleanup workers with confirmed acute radiation syndrome (ARS) or not confirmed ARS (ARS NC) were due to blood malignancies or cancer. Molecular studies in cohort members included gene expression and polymorphism, FISH, relative telomere length, immunophenotype, micronuclei test, histone H2AX, and TORCH infections. Analysis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cases from the cohort showed more frequent mutations in telomere maintenance pathway genes as compared with unexposed CLL patients. MDPI 2019-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6770927/ /pubmed/31480731 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11091291 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bazyka, Dimitry
Gudzenko, Natalya
Dyagil, Iryna
Ilienko, Iryna
Belyi, David
Chumak, Vadim
Prysyazhnyuk, Anatoly
Bakhanova, Elena
Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification
title Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification
title_full Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification
title_fullStr Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification
title_full_unstemmed Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification
title_short Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification
title_sort cancers after chornobyl: from epidemiology to molecular quantification
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6770927/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31480731
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11091291
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