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Environmentally induced plasticity of programmed DNA elimination boosts somatic variability in Paramecium tetraurelia

Can ecological changes impact somatic genome development? Efforts to resolve this question could reveal a direct link between environmental changes and somatic variability, potentially illuminating our understanding of how variation can surface from a single genotype under stress. Here, we tackle th...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Vitali, Valerio, Hagen, Rebecca, Catania, Francesco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6771405/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31548355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.245332.118
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author Vitali, Valerio
Hagen, Rebecca
Catania, Francesco
author_facet Vitali, Valerio
Hagen, Rebecca
Catania, Francesco
author_sort Vitali, Valerio
collection PubMed
description Can ecological changes impact somatic genome development? Efforts to resolve this question could reveal a direct link between environmental changes and somatic variability, potentially illuminating our understanding of how variation can surface from a single genotype under stress. Here, we tackle this question by leveraging the biological properties of ciliates. When Paramecium tetraurelia reproduces sexually, its polyploid somatic genome regenerates from the germline genome through a developmental process that involves the removal of thousands of ORF-interrupting sequences known as internal eliminated sequences (IESs). We show that exposure to nonstandard culture temperatures impacts the efficiency of this process of programmed DNA elimination, prompting the emergence of hundreds of incompletely excised IESs in the newly developed somatic genome. These alternative DNA isoforms display a patterned genomic topography, impact gene expression, and might be inherited transgenerationally. On this basis, we conclude that environmentally induced developmental thermoplasticity contributes to genotypic diversification in Paramecium.
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spelling pubmed-67714052020-04-01 Environmentally induced plasticity of programmed DNA elimination boosts somatic variability in Paramecium tetraurelia Vitali, Valerio Hagen, Rebecca Catania, Francesco Genome Res Research Can ecological changes impact somatic genome development? Efforts to resolve this question could reveal a direct link between environmental changes and somatic variability, potentially illuminating our understanding of how variation can surface from a single genotype under stress. Here, we tackle this question by leveraging the biological properties of ciliates. When Paramecium tetraurelia reproduces sexually, its polyploid somatic genome regenerates from the germline genome through a developmental process that involves the removal of thousands of ORF-interrupting sequences known as internal eliminated sequences (IESs). We show that exposure to nonstandard culture temperatures impacts the efficiency of this process of programmed DNA elimination, prompting the emergence of hundreds of incompletely excised IESs in the newly developed somatic genome. These alternative DNA isoforms display a patterned genomic topography, impact gene expression, and might be inherited transgenerationally. On this basis, we conclude that environmentally induced developmental thermoplasticity contributes to genotypic diversification in Paramecium. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2019-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6771405/ /pubmed/31548355 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.245332.118 Text en © 2019 Vitali et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first six months after the full-issue publication date (see http://genome.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After six months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
spellingShingle Research
Vitali, Valerio
Hagen, Rebecca
Catania, Francesco
Environmentally induced plasticity of programmed DNA elimination boosts somatic variability in Paramecium tetraurelia
title Environmentally induced plasticity of programmed DNA elimination boosts somatic variability in Paramecium tetraurelia
title_full Environmentally induced plasticity of programmed DNA elimination boosts somatic variability in Paramecium tetraurelia
title_fullStr Environmentally induced plasticity of programmed DNA elimination boosts somatic variability in Paramecium tetraurelia
title_full_unstemmed Environmentally induced plasticity of programmed DNA elimination boosts somatic variability in Paramecium tetraurelia
title_short Environmentally induced plasticity of programmed DNA elimination boosts somatic variability in Paramecium tetraurelia
title_sort environmentally induced plasticity of programmed dna elimination boosts somatic variability in paramecium tetraurelia
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6771405/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31548355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.245332.118
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