Cargando…
Dutch fog: On the observed spatio‐temporal variability of fog in the Netherlands
The Netherlands is characterized by highly variable land use within a small area, and a strong influence of the North Sea on national climate. Devoid of significant topography, it is an excellent location for assessing the relative influence of various factors on fog occurrence in the absence of ter...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6771507/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31588152 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.3597 |
_version_ | 1783455697083564032 |
---|---|
author | Izett, Jonathan G. van de Wiel, Bas J. H. Baas, Peter van Hooft, J. Antoon Schulte, Ruben B. |
author_facet | Izett, Jonathan G. van de Wiel, Bas J. H. Baas, Peter van Hooft, J. Antoon Schulte, Ruben B. |
author_sort | Izett, Jonathan G. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The Netherlands is characterized by highly variable land use within a small area, and a strong influence of the North Sea on national climate. Devoid of significant topography, it is an excellent location for assessing the relative influence of various factors on fog occurrence in the absence of terrain effects. Using observations from a dense network of weather stations throughout the country, the climatology of fog in the Netherlands is assessed over a period of 45 years. On a national scale, interannual variability is linked to changes in synoptic pressure‐gradient forcing. Within the country, a comprehensive in‐depth analysis of regional differences between fog occurrence is made, together with an assessment of local physical factors which could bias fog formation in one location over another. Regional variability is shown to be strongly related to the mesoscale influences of urbanization and the North Sea. In fact, some locations experience over twice as much fog as others. From this finding, a simple index is presented, which combines the water and urban fraction surrounding a station. This “Regionally Weighted Index” (RWI) is able to accurately sort the stations according to their relative fogginess. Its practical use is encouraged for assessing a given site's climatological favourability, even when in situ meteorological observations are unavailable. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6771507 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | John Wiley & Sons, Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67715072019-10-03 Dutch fog: On the observed spatio‐temporal variability of fog in the Netherlands Izett, Jonathan G. van de Wiel, Bas J. H. Baas, Peter van Hooft, J. Antoon Schulte, Ruben B. Q J R Meteorol Soc Research Articles The Netherlands is characterized by highly variable land use within a small area, and a strong influence of the North Sea on national climate. Devoid of significant topography, it is an excellent location for assessing the relative influence of various factors on fog occurrence in the absence of terrain effects. Using observations from a dense network of weather stations throughout the country, the climatology of fog in the Netherlands is assessed over a period of 45 years. On a national scale, interannual variability is linked to changes in synoptic pressure‐gradient forcing. Within the country, a comprehensive in‐depth analysis of regional differences between fog occurrence is made, together with an assessment of local physical factors which could bias fog formation in one location over another. Regional variability is shown to be strongly related to the mesoscale influences of urbanization and the North Sea. In fact, some locations experience over twice as much fog as others. From this finding, a simple index is presented, which combines the water and urban fraction surrounding a station. This “Regionally Weighted Index” (RWI) is able to accurately sort the stations according to their relative fogginess. Its practical use is encouraged for assessing a given site's climatological favourability, even when in situ meteorological observations are unavailable. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2019-08-02 2019-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6771507/ /pubmed/31588152 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.3597 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the Royal Meteorological Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Izett, Jonathan G. van de Wiel, Bas J. H. Baas, Peter van Hooft, J. Antoon Schulte, Ruben B. Dutch fog: On the observed spatio‐temporal variability of fog in the Netherlands |
title | Dutch fog: On the observed spatio‐temporal variability of fog in the Netherlands |
title_full | Dutch fog: On the observed spatio‐temporal variability of fog in the Netherlands |
title_fullStr | Dutch fog: On the observed spatio‐temporal variability of fog in the Netherlands |
title_full_unstemmed | Dutch fog: On the observed spatio‐temporal variability of fog in the Netherlands |
title_short | Dutch fog: On the observed spatio‐temporal variability of fog in the Netherlands |
title_sort | dutch fog: on the observed spatio‐temporal variability of fog in the netherlands |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6771507/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31588152 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.3597 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT izettjonathang dutchfogontheobservedspatiotemporalvariabilityoffoginthenetherlands AT vandewielbasjh dutchfogontheobservedspatiotemporalvariabilityoffoginthenetherlands AT baaspeter dutchfogontheobservedspatiotemporalvariabilityoffoginthenetherlands AT vanhooftjantoon dutchfogontheobservedspatiotemporalvariabilityoffoginthenetherlands AT schulterubenb dutchfogontheobservedspatiotemporalvariabilityoffoginthenetherlands |