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Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases

The recognition of ω-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) as essential fatty acids to normal growth and health was realized more than 80 years ago. However, the awareness of the long-term nutritional intake of ω-3 PUFAs in lowering the risk of a variety of chronic human diseases has grown exponentially o...

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Autores principales: Li, Xiaoxi, Bi, Xinyun, Wang, Shuai, Zhang, Zongmeng, Li, Fanghong, Zhao, Allan Z.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6776881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31611873
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02241
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author Li, Xiaoxi
Bi, Xinyun
Wang, Shuai
Zhang, Zongmeng
Li, Fanghong
Zhao, Allan Z.
author_facet Li, Xiaoxi
Bi, Xinyun
Wang, Shuai
Zhang, Zongmeng
Li, Fanghong
Zhao, Allan Z.
author_sort Li, Xiaoxi
collection PubMed
description The recognition of ω-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) as essential fatty acids to normal growth and health was realized more than 80 years ago. However, the awareness of the long-term nutritional intake of ω-3 PUFAs in lowering the risk of a variety of chronic human diseases has grown exponentially only since the 1980s (1, 2). Despite the overwhelming epidemiological evidence, many attempts of using fish-oil supplementation to intervene human diseases have generated conflicting and often ambiguous outcomes; null or weak supporting conclusions were sometimes derived in the subsequent META analysis. Different dosages, as well as the sources of fish-oil, may have contributed to the conflicting outcomes of intervention carried out at different clinics. However, over the past decade, mounting evidence generated from genetic mouse models and clinical studies has shed new light on the functions and the underlying mechanisms of ω-3 PUFAs and their metabolites in the prevention and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes. In this review, we have summarized the current understanding of the effects as well as the underlying mechanisms of ω-3 PUFAs on autoimmune diseases.
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spelling pubmed-67768812019-10-14 Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases Li, Xiaoxi Bi, Xinyun Wang, Shuai Zhang, Zongmeng Li, Fanghong Zhao, Allan Z. Front Immunol Immunology The recognition of ω-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) as essential fatty acids to normal growth and health was realized more than 80 years ago. However, the awareness of the long-term nutritional intake of ω-3 PUFAs in lowering the risk of a variety of chronic human diseases has grown exponentially only since the 1980s (1, 2). Despite the overwhelming epidemiological evidence, many attempts of using fish-oil supplementation to intervene human diseases have generated conflicting and often ambiguous outcomes; null or weak supporting conclusions were sometimes derived in the subsequent META analysis. Different dosages, as well as the sources of fish-oil, may have contributed to the conflicting outcomes of intervention carried out at different clinics. However, over the past decade, mounting evidence generated from genetic mouse models and clinical studies has shed new light on the functions and the underlying mechanisms of ω-3 PUFAs and their metabolites in the prevention and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes. In this review, we have summarized the current understanding of the effects as well as the underlying mechanisms of ω-3 PUFAs on autoimmune diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6776881/ /pubmed/31611873 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02241 Text en Copyright © 2019 Li, Bi, Wang, Zhang, Li and Zhao. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Li, Xiaoxi
Bi, Xinyun
Wang, Shuai
Zhang, Zongmeng
Li, Fanghong
Zhao, Allan Z.
Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases
title Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases
title_full Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases
title_fullStr Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases
title_short Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases
title_sort therapeutic potential of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human autoimmune diseases
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6776881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31611873
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02241
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