Statistical Study of Dental Changes in Patients Diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus

Dental changes are known to be very diverse in patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study is to identify and study the main dental changes in patients diagnosed with diabetes, as well as a statistical comparison of the two types of diabetes (type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes). Material and Method: Our study included 107 patients were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM), 48 patients with DM type 1 and 59 patients with DM type 2 participated in the study. Patients aged 19-80 years old were clinically examined by analyzing the following parameters of the remnant teeth, caries, teeth with fillings, teeth with endodontic treatments and teeth with periapical radiotransparency. Results: The group of patients with DM type 1 recorded a high number of carious lesions and several lost dental units compared to the group of patients with DM type 2, where we found numerous periodontal treatments. Conclusions: We did not find a statistically significant difference between DM type 1 and DM type 2 patients with the total number of teeth present. Patients with DM type 1 presented more teeth with carious lesions at the upper jaw, while those with DM type 2 had more carious lesions at the lower jaw. The group of patients with DM type 2 presented more radiological changes of the apical periodontium, both at the upper and lower jaw.