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Natural and synthetic pathogen associated molecular patterns modulate galectin expression in cow blood
Pathogen-associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) are highly conserved structural motifs that are recognized by Pathogen Recognition receptors (PRRs) to initiate immune responses. Infection by these pathogens and the immune response to PAMPS such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Peptidoglycan (PGN), bacter...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6778856/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31602302 http://dx.doi.org/10.5187/jast.2019.61.5.245 |
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author | Asiamah, Emmanuel Kwaku Ekwemalor, Kingsley Adjei-Fremah, Sarah Osei, Bertha Newman, Robert Worku, Mulumebet |
author_facet | Asiamah, Emmanuel Kwaku Ekwemalor, Kingsley Adjei-Fremah, Sarah Osei, Bertha Newman, Robert Worku, Mulumebet |
author_sort | Asiamah, Emmanuel Kwaku |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pathogen-associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) are highly conserved structural motifs that are recognized by Pathogen Recognition receptors (PRRs) to initiate immune responses. Infection by these pathogens and the immune response to PAMPS such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Peptidoglycan (PGN), bacterial oligodeoxynucleotides [CpG oligodeoxynucleotides 2006 (CpG ODN2006) and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides 2216 (CpG ODN2216)], and viral RNA Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic Acid (Poly I:C), are associated with infectious and metabolic diseases in animals impacting health and production. It is established that PAMPs mediate the production of cytokines by binding to PRRs such as Toll-like receptors (TLR) on immune cells. Galectins (Gal) are carbohydrate-binding proteins that when expressed play essential roles in the resolution of infectious and metabolic diseases. Thus it is important to determine if the expression of galectin gene (LGALS) and Gal secretion in blood are affected by exposure to LPS and PGN, PolyI:C and bacterial CpG ODNs. LPS increased transcription of LGALS4 and 12 (2.5 and 2.02 folds respectively) and decreased secretion of Gal 4 (p < 0.05). PGN increased transcription of LGALS-1, -2, -3, -4, -7, and -12 (3.0, 2.3, 2.0, 4.1, 3.3, and 2.4 folds respectively) and secretion of Gal-8 and Gal-9 (p < 0.05). Poly I:C tended to increase the transcription of LGALS1, LGALS4, and LGALS8 (1.78, 1.88, and 1.73 folds respectively). Secretion of Gal-1, -3, -8 and nine were significantly increased in treated samples compared to control (p < 0.05). CpG ODN2006 did not cause any significant fold changes in LGALS transcription (FC < 2) but increased secretion of Gal-1, and-3 (p < 0.05) in plasma compared to control. Gal-4 was however reduced in plasma (p < 0.05). CpG ODN2216 increased transcription of LGALS1 and LGALS3 (3.8 and 1.6 folds respectively), but reduced LGALS2, LGALS4, LGALS7, and LGALS12 (–1.9, –2.0, –2.0 and; –2.7 folds respectively). Secretion of Gal-2 and -3 in plasma was increased compared to control (p < 0.05). Gal-4 secretion was reduced in plasma (p < 0.05). The results demonstrate that PAMPs differentially modulate galectin transcription and translation of galectins in cow blood. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6778856 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67788562019-10-10 Natural and synthetic pathogen associated molecular patterns modulate galectin expression in cow blood Asiamah, Emmanuel Kwaku Ekwemalor, Kingsley Adjei-Fremah, Sarah Osei, Bertha Newman, Robert Worku, Mulumebet J Anim Sci Technol Research Article Pathogen-associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) are highly conserved structural motifs that are recognized by Pathogen Recognition receptors (PRRs) to initiate immune responses. Infection by these pathogens and the immune response to PAMPS such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Peptidoglycan (PGN), bacterial oligodeoxynucleotides [CpG oligodeoxynucleotides 2006 (CpG ODN2006) and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides 2216 (CpG ODN2216)], and viral RNA Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic Acid (Poly I:C), are associated with infectious and metabolic diseases in animals impacting health and production. It is established that PAMPs mediate the production of cytokines by binding to PRRs such as Toll-like receptors (TLR) on immune cells. Galectins (Gal) are carbohydrate-binding proteins that when expressed play essential roles in the resolution of infectious and metabolic diseases. Thus it is important to determine if the expression of galectin gene (LGALS) and Gal secretion in blood are affected by exposure to LPS and PGN, PolyI:C and bacterial CpG ODNs. LPS increased transcription of LGALS4 and 12 (2.5 and 2.02 folds respectively) and decreased secretion of Gal 4 (p < 0.05). PGN increased transcription of LGALS-1, -2, -3, -4, -7, and -12 (3.0, 2.3, 2.0, 4.1, 3.3, and 2.4 folds respectively) and secretion of Gal-8 and Gal-9 (p < 0.05). Poly I:C tended to increase the transcription of LGALS1, LGALS4, and LGALS8 (1.78, 1.88, and 1.73 folds respectively). Secretion of Gal-1, -3, -8 and nine were significantly increased in treated samples compared to control (p < 0.05). CpG ODN2006 did not cause any significant fold changes in LGALS transcription (FC < 2) but increased secretion of Gal-1, and-3 (p < 0.05) in plasma compared to control. Gal-4 was however reduced in plasma (p < 0.05). CpG ODN2216 increased transcription of LGALS1 and LGALS3 (3.8 and 1.6 folds respectively), but reduced LGALS2, LGALS4, LGALS7, and LGALS12 (–1.9, –2.0, –2.0 and; –2.7 folds respectively). Secretion of Gal-2 and -3 in plasma was increased compared to control (p < 0.05). Gal-4 secretion was reduced in plasma (p < 0.05). The results demonstrate that PAMPs differentially modulate galectin transcription and translation of galectins in cow blood. Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology 2019-09 2019-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6778856/ /pubmed/31602302 http://dx.doi.org/10.5187/jast.2019.61.5.245 Text en © Copyright 2019 Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Asiamah, Emmanuel Kwaku Ekwemalor, Kingsley Adjei-Fremah, Sarah Osei, Bertha Newman, Robert Worku, Mulumebet Natural and synthetic pathogen associated molecular patterns modulate galectin expression in cow blood |
title | Natural and synthetic pathogen associated molecular patterns modulate
galectin expression in cow blood |
title_full | Natural and synthetic pathogen associated molecular patterns modulate
galectin expression in cow blood |
title_fullStr | Natural and synthetic pathogen associated molecular patterns modulate
galectin expression in cow blood |
title_full_unstemmed | Natural and synthetic pathogen associated molecular patterns modulate
galectin expression in cow blood |
title_short | Natural and synthetic pathogen associated molecular patterns modulate
galectin expression in cow blood |
title_sort | natural and synthetic pathogen associated molecular patterns modulate
galectin expression in cow blood |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6778856/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31602302 http://dx.doi.org/10.5187/jast.2019.61.5.245 |
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