Diffuse uveitis and chorioretinal changes after yellow fever vaccination: a re-emerging epidemic

BACKGROUND: With increasing incidence of yellow fever, mass campaign vaccinations are underway and little ophthalmological alterations have been reported in literature, specially regarding non-combined vaccines. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a patient with no previous ocular or systemic diseases whom received a single dose of yellow fever vaccination and developed haematological, hepatic and renal alterations progressing with a later onset bilateral asymmetric diffuse uveitis. Ophthalmological findings included fine keratic precipitates scattered throughout the cornea and mild vitritis. Multimodal evaluation showed subtle puntiform choriocapillaris changes with decreased vascular density associated. The patient had a good visual outcome after mild oral prednisone dose, but the image findings have not presented remission. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of clinical and subclinical ocular manifestations such as subtle puntiform choriocapillaris changes as possible vaccine-related adverse events with potential to impact vision.