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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis: Protease IV and PASP as Corneal Virulence Mediators

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of bacterial keratitis, especially in users of contact lenses. These infections are characterized by extensive degradation of the corneal tissue mediated by Pseudomonas protease activities, including both Pseudomonas protease IV (PIV) and the P. aeruginosa s...

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Autores principales: O’Callaghan, Richard, Caballero, Armando, Tang, Aihua, Bierdeman, Michael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6780138/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31443433
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090281
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author O’Callaghan, Richard
Caballero, Armando
Tang, Aihua
Bierdeman, Michael
author_facet O’Callaghan, Richard
Caballero, Armando
Tang, Aihua
Bierdeman, Michael
author_sort O’Callaghan, Richard
collection PubMed
description Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of bacterial keratitis, especially in users of contact lenses. These infections are characterized by extensive degradation of the corneal tissue mediated by Pseudomonas protease activities, including both Pseudomonas protease IV (PIV) and the P. aeruginosa small protease (PASP). The virulence role of PIV was determined by the reduced virulence of a PIV-deficient mutant relative to its parent strain and the mutant after genetic complementation (rescue). Additionally, the non-ocular pathogen Pseudomonas putida acquired corneal virulence when it produced active PIV from a plasmid-borne piv gene. The virulence of PIV is not limited to the mammalian cornea, as evidenced by its destruction of respiratory surfactant proteins and the cytokine interleukin-22 (IL-22), the key inducer of anti-bacterial peptides. Furthermore, PIV contributes to the P. aeruginosa infection of both insects and plants. A possible limitation of PIV is its inefficient digestion of collagens; however, PASP, in addition to cleaving multiple soluble proteins, is able to efficiently cleave collagens. A PASP-deficient mutant lacks the corneal virulence of its parent or rescue strain evidencing its contribution to corneal damage, especially epithelial erosion. Pseudomonas-secreted proteases contribute importantly to infections of the cornea, mammalian lung, insects, and plants.
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spelling pubmed-67801382019-10-30 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis: Protease IV and PASP as Corneal Virulence Mediators O’Callaghan, Richard Caballero, Armando Tang, Aihua Bierdeman, Michael Microorganisms Review Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of bacterial keratitis, especially in users of contact lenses. These infections are characterized by extensive degradation of the corneal tissue mediated by Pseudomonas protease activities, including both Pseudomonas protease IV (PIV) and the P. aeruginosa small protease (PASP). The virulence role of PIV was determined by the reduced virulence of a PIV-deficient mutant relative to its parent strain and the mutant after genetic complementation (rescue). Additionally, the non-ocular pathogen Pseudomonas putida acquired corneal virulence when it produced active PIV from a plasmid-borne piv gene. The virulence of PIV is not limited to the mammalian cornea, as evidenced by its destruction of respiratory surfactant proteins and the cytokine interleukin-22 (IL-22), the key inducer of anti-bacterial peptides. Furthermore, PIV contributes to the P. aeruginosa infection of both insects and plants. A possible limitation of PIV is its inefficient digestion of collagens; however, PASP, in addition to cleaving multiple soluble proteins, is able to efficiently cleave collagens. A PASP-deficient mutant lacks the corneal virulence of its parent or rescue strain evidencing its contribution to corneal damage, especially epithelial erosion. Pseudomonas-secreted proteases contribute importantly to infections of the cornea, mammalian lung, insects, and plants. MDPI 2019-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6780138/ /pubmed/31443433 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090281 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
O’Callaghan, Richard
Caballero, Armando
Tang, Aihua
Bierdeman, Michael
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis: Protease IV and PASP as Corneal Virulence Mediators
title Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis: Protease IV and PASP as Corneal Virulence Mediators
title_full Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis: Protease IV and PASP as Corneal Virulence Mediators
title_fullStr Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis: Protease IV and PASP as Corneal Virulence Mediators
title_full_unstemmed Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis: Protease IV and PASP as Corneal Virulence Mediators
title_short Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis: Protease IV and PASP as Corneal Virulence Mediators
title_sort pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis: protease iv and pasp as corneal virulence mediators
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6780138/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31443433
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090281
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