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Antibiotic-Resistant Septicemia in Pediatric Oncology Patients Associated with Post-Therapeutic Neutropenic Fever

Death in cancer patients can be caused by the progression of tumors, their malignity, or other associated conditions such as sepsis, which is a multiphasic host response to a pathogen that can be significantly amplified by endogenous factors. Its incidence is continuously rising, which reflects the...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Vázquez-López, Rosalino, Rivero Rojas, Omar, Ibarra Moreno, Andrea, Urrutia Favila, José Erik, Peña Barreto, Adan, Ortega Ortuño, Guadalupe Lizeth, Abello Vaamonde, Jorge Andrés, Aguilar Velazco, Ivanka Alejandra, Félix Castro, José Marcos, Solano-Gálvez, Sandra Georgina, Barrientos Fortes, Tomás, González-Barrios, Juan Antonio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6783913/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31366110
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8030106
Descripción
Sumario:Death in cancer patients can be caused by the progression of tumors, their malignity, or other associated conditions such as sepsis, which is a multiphasic host response to a pathogen that can be significantly amplified by endogenous factors. Its incidence is continuously rising, which reflects the increasing number of sick patients at a higher risk of infection, especially those that are elderly, pediatric, or immunosuppressed. Sepsis appears to be directly associated with oncological treatment and fatal septic shock. Patients with a cancer diagnosis face a much higher risk of infections after being immunosuppressed by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or anti-inflammatory therapy, especially caused by non-pathogenic, Gram-negative, and multidrug-resistant pathogens. There is a notorious difference between the incidence and mortality rates related to sepsis in pediatric oncologic patients between developed and developing countries: they are much higher in developing countries, where investment for diagnosis and treatment resources, infrastructure, medical specialists, cancer-related control programs, and post-therapeutic care is insufficient. This situation not only limits but also reduces the life expectancy of treated pediatric oncologic patients, and demands higher costs from the healthcare systems. Therefore, efforts must aim to limit the progression of sepsis conditions, applying the most recommended therapeutic regimens as soon as the initial risk factors are clinically evident—or even before they are, as when taking advantage of machine learning prediction systems to analyze data.