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Metaviromics Reveals Unknown Viral Diversity in the Biting Midge Culicoides impunctatus

Biting midges (Culicoides species) are vectors of arboviruses and were responsible for the emergence and spread of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) in Europe in 2011 and are likely to be involved in the emergence of other arboviruses in Europe. Improved surveillance and better understanding of risks requir...

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Autores principales: Modha, Sejal, Hughes, Joseph, Bianco, Giovanni, Ferguson, Heather M., Helm, Barbara, Tong, Lily, Wilkie, Gavin S., Kohl, Alain, Schnettler, Esther
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6784199/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31533247
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11090865
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author Modha, Sejal
Hughes, Joseph
Bianco, Giovanni
Ferguson, Heather M.
Helm, Barbara
Tong, Lily
Wilkie, Gavin S.
Kohl, Alain
Schnettler, Esther
author_facet Modha, Sejal
Hughes, Joseph
Bianco, Giovanni
Ferguson, Heather M.
Helm, Barbara
Tong, Lily
Wilkie, Gavin S.
Kohl, Alain
Schnettler, Esther
author_sort Modha, Sejal
collection PubMed
description Biting midges (Culicoides species) are vectors of arboviruses and were responsible for the emergence and spread of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) in Europe in 2011 and are likely to be involved in the emergence of other arboviruses in Europe. Improved surveillance and better understanding of risks require a better understanding of the circulating viral diversity in these biting insects. In this study, we expand the sequence space of RNA viruses by identifying a number of novel RNA viruses from Culicoides impunctatus (biting midge) using a meta-transcriptomic approach. A novel metaviromic pipeline called MetaViC was developed specifically to identify novel virus sequence signatures from high throughput sequencing (HTS) datasets in the absence of a known host genome. MetaViC is a protein centric pipeline that looks for specific protein signatures in the reads and contigs generated as part of the pipeline. Several novel viruses, including an alphanodavirus with both segments, a novel relative of the Hubei sobemo-like virus 49, two rhabdo-like viruses and a chuvirus, were identified in the Scottish midge samples. The newly identified viruses were found to be phylogenetically distinct to those previous known. These findings expand our current knowledge of viral diversity in arthropods and especially in these understudied disease vectors.
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spelling pubmed-67841992019-10-16 Metaviromics Reveals Unknown Viral Diversity in the Biting Midge Culicoides impunctatus Modha, Sejal Hughes, Joseph Bianco, Giovanni Ferguson, Heather M. Helm, Barbara Tong, Lily Wilkie, Gavin S. Kohl, Alain Schnettler, Esther Viruses Article Biting midges (Culicoides species) are vectors of arboviruses and were responsible for the emergence and spread of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) in Europe in 2011 and are likely to be involved in the emergence of other arboviruses in Europe. Improved surveillance and better understanding of risks require a better understanding of the circulating viral diversity in these biting insects. In this study, we expand the sequence space of RNA viruses by identifying a number of novel RNA viruses from Culicoides impunctatus (biting midge) using a meta-transcriptomic approach. A novel metaviromic pipeline called MetaViC was developed specifically to identify novel virus sequence signatures from high throughput sequencing (HTS) datasets in the absence of a known host genome. MetaViC is a protein centric pipeline that looks for specific protein signatures in the reads and contigs generated as part of the pipeline. Several novel viruses, including an alphanodavirus with both segments, a novel relative of the Hubei sobemo-like virus 49, two rhabdo-like viruses and a chuvirus, were identified in the Scottish midge samples. The newly identified viruses were found to be phylogenetically distinct to those previous known. These findings expand our current knowledge of viral diversity in arthropods and especially in these understudied disease vectors. MDPI 2019-09-17 /pmc/articles/PMC6784199/ /pubmed/31533247 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11090865 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Modha, Sejal
Hughes, Joseph
Bianco, Giovanni
Ferguson, Heather M.
Helm, Barbara
Tong, Lily
Wilkie, Gavin S.
Kohl, Alain
Schnettler, Esther
Metaviromics Reveals Unknown Viral Diversity in the Biting Midge Culicoides impunctatus
title Metaviromics Reveals Unknown Viral Diversity in the Biting Midge Culicoides impunctatus
title_full Metaviromics Reveals Unknown Viral Diversity in the Biting Midge Culicoides impunctatus
title_fullStr Metaviromics Reveals Unknown Viral Diversity in the Biting Midge Culicoides impunctatus
title_full_unstemmed Metaviromics Reveals Unknown Viral Diversity in the Biting Midge Culicoides impunctatus
title_short Metaviromics Reveals Unknown Viral Diversity in the Biting Midge Culicoides impunctatus
title_sort metaviromics reveals unknown viral diversity in the biting midge culicoides impunctatus
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6784199/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31533247
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11090865
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